Powers Of Ched Essays - Higher Education In The Philippines

Powers Of Ched I. Introduction Under Article XIV of the Constitution of the Philippines specifically under Sec. 1 states that The State shall protect and promote the right of all citizens to quality education at all levels and shall take appropriate steps to make such education accessible to all. This means that every citizen whether at Level 1, 2 or 3 shall be entitled to quality education and that the government should take actions to ensure that this right from the constitution that is granted to the citizen will not be infringed and that quality education will be provided and accessible to all. To ensure that quality education is given to the citizens of the Philippines, the government had vested its powers to different administrative agency to make sure that this right granted to the citizens will not be infringed. The Department of Education for Culture and Sports (DECS) is an example of an administrative agency that was created to ensure that quality education is given to the citizens at all levels. In 1994, the commission on Higher Education (CHED) was created to govern mainly the higher education or otherwise known as the tertiary education. The Commission is a body independent and separate from the DECS, and attached to the Office of the President for administrative purposes only. Its coverage shall be both public and private institutions of higher education as well as degree-granting programs in all post secondary educational institutions, public and private. As a Commission created to govern the higher education, it follows the mission of gearing higher education towards the pursuit of better quality of life for all Filipinos by emphasizing the acquisition of knowledge and formation of those skills necessary to make individual a productive member of society. It shall accelerate the development of high-level professionals who will search for new knowledge, and provide leadership in the various disciplines required by a dynamic and self assuring economy. In short, the mission of the CHED is what is stated in Sec. 1 of Article XIV of the constitution, which is to provide quality education to the citizens and make education accessible to the citizens. In Sec. 2 of RA 7722, the same is mentioned. The state shall protect, foster, promote the right of all citizens to affordable quality education at all levels and shall take appropriate steps to ensure that education shall be accessible to all. The State shall likewise ensure and protect academic freedom and shall promote its exercise and observance for the continuing intellectual growth, the advancement of learning and research, the development of responsible and effective leadership, the education of high-level and middle-level professionals and the enrichment of our historical and cultural heritage. State-supported institutions of higher learning shall gear their programs to national, regional or local development plans. Finally, all institutions of higher learning shall exemplify through their physical and natural surrounding the dignity and beauty of as well as their pride in, the intellectual and scholarly life. In short, the main mission or goal of the CHED is what is stated in Sec 1 of Article XIV of the constitution, which is to provide quality education to the public and to ensure its accessibility to all. Moreover, to achieve Sec. 2 of RA 7722, which is to ensure quality and accessible education, powers are granted to the CHED. Some powers which are obtained transitory from the DECS, meaning the powers of DECS in governing tertiary education are transferred to the CHED. This is in Sec. 18 of RA 7722. Such personnel, properties, assets and liabilities, functions and responsibilities of the Bureau of Higher education, including those for higher and tertiary education and degree-granting vocational and technical programs in the regional offices, under the DECS and other government entities having function similar to those of the Commission are herby transferred to the Commission. From this it is established that the powers that were once granted to DECS in governing the tertiary education are hereby transferred to the CHED. To ensure accessibility of education, one of the most prominent factor will be the tuition fee. The rate at which the tuition fee is established will determine the accessibility of the school, thereby to ensure accessibility for students, tuitions fees should be regulated

How to Get Your CDL in Louisiana and Missouri

How to Get Your CDL in Louisiana and Missouri If you live in Louisiana or Missouri, check this round up of state guidelines and see what you’ll need to do to be certified to drive safely behind the wheel of a commercial job. For information on all other states, TheJobNetwork has published a guide on how to apply for a CDL in every state of the country. LouisianaThe following vehicles require you to have a CDL:If you will drive a combination vehicle (truck and trailer) whose trailer has a GVWR of 10,001+ lbs. total weight with the truck of 26,001+ lbs, you will need a Class A CDL.If you will drive a vehicle with  GVWR is 26,001+ lbs., you will need a Class B CDL. With this license, you can also tow a trailer with  weight that does not exceed 10,000 lbs.If you will transport hazardous materials or 16+ passengers (including the driver) in a vehicle with  GVWR 26,000 lbs. or less, you will need a Class C CDL.To obtain a CDL, you must:Possess and provide a valid picture driver’s licenseProvide a Supplemental Appli cation Form (DPSMV 2211)Undergo a current, complete Physical Examination (DPSMV 2219)Possess and provide proof of liability insurance on personally owned vehicle(s)Possess and provide proof of Social Security numberProvide a $15 application feeKnowledge TestThe  desired  class of license and endorsements you seek  will determine what CDL knowledge tests are required. You must obtain an 80% passing score on each required test. You must provide a Medical Examiner’s Certificate (DOT Card) or a valid Intrastate State/Interstate Waiver.The General Knowledge Test is required by all applicants, and you must pass it to take  additional knowledge tests.The Air Brake Knowledge Test is required if your vehicle is equipped with air brakes.The Combination Vehicles Knowledge Test is required if you want to drive combination vehicles.The Tanker Knowledge Test is required if you want to haul liquids in bulk.The Double/Triples Knowledge Test is required to pull double or triple traile rs.The Passenger Knowledge Test is required by all bus drivers and school bus operators. In addition, school bus operatiors must pass the   School Bus Knowledge Test.The Hazardous Materials Knowledge Test is required if you wish to haul hazardous materials.Upon passing required test(s), applicants will be issued a 60 day learner’s permit.Skills TestThis test consists of a  pre-trip inspection to include an air brake test if vehicle is equipped with air brakes, a basic maneuvers test, and a public road test.  You must pass each level before moving on to the next.MissouriThe following vehicles require you to have a CDL:If you will drive a combination vehicle (truck and trailer) whose trailer has a GVWR of 10,001+ lbs. total weight with the truck of 26,001+ lbs, you will need a Class A CDL.If you will drive a vehicle with  GVWR is 26,001+ lbs., you will need a Class B CDL. With this license, you can also tow a trailer with  weight that does not exceed 10,000 lbs.If you will transport hazardous materials or 16+ passengers (including the driver) in a vehicle with  GVWR 26,000 lbs. or less, you will need a Class C CDL.Knowledge TestThe  desired  class of license and endorsements you seek  will determine what CDL knowledge tests are required. You must obtain an 80% passing score on each required test. You must provide a Medical Examiner’s Certificate (DOT Card) or a valid Intrastate State/Interstate Waiver.The General Knowledge Test is required by all applicants, and you must pass it to take  additional knowledge tests.The Air Brake Knowledge Test is required if your vehicle is equipped with air brakes.The Combination Vehicles Knowledge Test is required if you want to drive combination vehicles.The Tanker Knowledge Test is required if you want to haul liquids in bulk.The Double/Triples Knowledge Test is required to pull double or triple trailers.The Passenger Knowledge Test is required by all bus drivers and school bus operators. In addition, school bus operatiors must pass the   School Bus Knowledge Test.The Hazardous Materials Knowledge Test is required if you wish to haul hazardous materials.Upon passing required test(s), applicants will be issued a 60 day learner’s permit.Skills TestThis test consists of a  pre-trip inspection to include an air brake test if vehicle is equipped with air brakes, a basic maneuvers test, and a public road test.  You must pass each level before moving on to the next.

Dell Supply Chain Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Dell Supply Chain Management - Case Study Example Thus, the supply chain system of Dell does possess shortfalls and improvement areas do exist. This paper serves the purpose of critically evaluating the Dell Supply Chain and envisaging not only the efficiency of the system but its inefficiencies as well. The paper firstly describes what a supply chain is. The next section presents what is actually supply chain management. Dell's Supply Chain is discussed next following the critical success factors adopted by the Dell Supply Chain Management. Then a major section of the paper presents a critical evaluation of the Dell Supply Chain. And then the conclusions are finally presented. Supply Chain involves every person and stage that is involved in satisfying the customer's demands. It includes every party from the manufacturer to the customers. The supply chain involves the chain that starts from manufacturer, suppliers, transporters, warehouses, retailers and ends on the customers (Chopra and Meindl, 2004). The supply chain of every company is active and ever changing. Information and products are the crucial and continuously involved constituents of every stage in the supply chain. T The key to successful supply chains are the customers because the basic intention of the supply chains is to fulfill the customers' requirements (Chopra and Meindl, 2004). Every party involved in the supply chain works to fulfill the customers' demands because when the customers are satisfied and are getting what they actually want, they are willing to pay even high prices for the products and making profits is what every company lives for. The supply chain is an entire network of various parties striving towards the fulfillment of the demand (Chopra and Meindl, 2004). Thus every supply chain is demand-driven i.e. the whole of the chain of supply works to fulfill the demand (R Ernst, B Kamrad, 2000). The different stages involved in the supply chain involve stocks and inventory which are updated at every stage (Alan Johnson, 2006). Supply Chain and the Competition The competition in the entire global industries is now based on the competition of the supply chains. The approaches different companies use to run and deal with their supply chains are crucial for their construction or destruction (David A. Taylor, n.d.). Supply chain also has a great impact on the cost that the organizations incur and the savings that it makes. Enhancements in supply chains are not just beneficial for the baseline operations but they are also important for the top line operations because an efficient supply chain can increase the competitive advantage of the organizations over the others (David A. Taylor, n.d.). Therefore, the organizations today are focusing on the lowering of costs mainly through their supply chains and through these low-costs, fulfilling the demands of the customers.

Industry and Company Analysis - strategy of management Assignment

Industry and Company Analysis - strategy of management - Assignment Example Customer loyalty is not really an issue in this sector as convenience stores will sell the same or similar produces across the board, leaving no buyer switching cost (IBIS World Market Research, 2011b). The second force is the threat of substitute services. The biggest threat to the convenience store sector is supermarkets, which have reported an annual growth of 3.4% in the last 5 years (compared to the -0.4% of convenience store sector). This is because of a general move towards supermarket sales in general, plus many of the supermarket chains entered into the convenience store sector. There is little to no cost to the consumer to change to a substitute service, increasing the threat. The bargaining power of the customer is dependent on many factors, including the location of the convenience store and surrounding options. However, in many cases (particularly in urban areas) customers will have a price sensitivity that may cause them to move to another rival chain. The buyer volume is much lower than for supermarkets, which means that the convenience store sector can be more sensitive to changes in customer power. The bargaining power of suppliers in this sector is interesting, because many of the companies within the convenience store sector will be using the same suppliers. This is because many stock brand name goods. This means there are strong distribution channels and almost no supplier competition. The impact of inputs on cost is high, but will affect all areas of the sector, plus the competing supermarkets (IBIS World Market Research, 2011b). The intensity of competitive rivalry is interesting in this sector. Whilst there are advertising campaigns for 7-Eleven and the other major convenience store chains, the main choice for a customer is the location and ease of access to the store. This means that much of the competitive rivalry in the sector is accumulating property in convenient

Women and marriages Essay Example for Free

Women and marriages Essay Women and marriages in Restoration comedies are satirised for being based on economic or other considerations rather than love and mutual affection. In the late seventeenth century expectations of women were that they were still meant to respect and be faithful to their husbands, but as R. C Sharma says In the latter half of the seventeenth century, the position of women in England had improved. Though legally they were still subordinate to men, the custom allowed them a larger measure of liberty and equality. In 1662, for the first time professional actress were allowed on the stage, showing that the status of women was improving and as in a lot of Restoration comedies, the heroines reflect an effort by women in Restoration society to both step up from the moral gutter and down from the pedestal. However in Act 1 of the satirical comedy, the views from the men on women are satirised. Act 1 is set at Horners lodgings late in the morning, with the entrance of Horner, the rake and Quack, Horners medical confidant. Later on, other characters enter. Horner, as the main character, shows many a time his opinion on women. He is interested in intelligent women But methinks wit is more necessary than beauty; and I think no young woman ugly that has it, and no handsome woman agreeable with out it. Here he is most probably describing the stereotypical city woman, as the women in The Country Wife have a sophisticated education. This also agrees with how he sees countrywomen, That grave circumspection in marrying a country wife is like refusing a deceitful pampered Smithfield jade. Here he is saying that to marry a country wife, must be as bad as having to turn down a disreputable woman. Women in the Restoration period, especially married women had a severe lack of rights, as on her wedding day, a woman surrendered her rights as a femme sole. As a married women, she was a femme covert. In the Country wife however because the position of women was slowly changing, the women in the play try to assert some control over the men. The men however still inferiorise women and make derogatory comment about them. Mistress are like books; if you pore upon them too much they doze you and make you unfit for company, but if used discreetly you are the fitter for conversation by em. This statement by Harcourt represents the general negative attitude of men in this play towards women, by comparing them to inanimate objects. The women are also referred to as animals by Horner, women of quality are so civil, you can hardly distinguish love from good breeding.

Dominos Expansion into the Mauritius

Dominos Expansion into the Mauritius 1.0 Introduction The aim of this report is to show how Mauritius could be a land of opportunity for a restaurant chain like Dominos to be developed and how it could target the whole population with its uniqueness and great taste. The theory of international business and its implications on Mauritius as a new targeted market for Dominos will be explained and put into a framework for analysis. Moreover, to understand the power of a business situation and to know whether Mauritius can be viable as a market for Dominos, the PESTLE Analysis tool will be used. This will show whether or not this internationalization can be considered moving into. From those tools mentioned, academic theories will be developed to analyse how strategically profitable this business could be and how powerful it can prove to be in the long run. Globalisation has made competition become fierce worldwide and developing the fast food market with Dominos could be a competitive advantage for Mauritius. Dominos Pizza Inc. is an American restaurant chain and international franchise pizza delivery headquartered in the United States (US), present in 73 countries and offering a wide variety of menus. It was founded in 1960 and is the second largest pizza chain in the US, after pizza hut. Mauritius has currently only two pizza chains namely; Pizza hut and Debonairs Pizza. The report will also dig in and analyse some of the barriers that could exist in the Mauritian market for Dominos based on the prevailing market conditions. Overall the document will outline some theories based on the international business framework and will also give an idea about the internationalization process within an overseas market. 2.0 Framework of International Business in an overseas market In the context of an increasingly challenging global market environment, most companies depend on international business for survival and growth. This presence of globalization has made competition become fiercer, which as a result calls for an improved quality of the selected overseas market and the chosen mode of entry (Koch, 2001). Decision to expand in an overseas market is quite delicate and depends on various criteria before actually getting into this process of internationalization, or else that move could prove to be risky for both the company and the new market. The international market should be scanned very carefully in terms of its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Mauritius, as a developing nation is considered as an emerging market. According to Hoskisson et al. Emerging markets are characterized by low income and are rapidly growing nations whereby economic liberalisation is their powerful tool to achieve economic growth (Douglas E, 2001). Hoskisson et al. always say that emerging markets are different from other markets through government policies favoring economic liberalization and the adoption of a free-market system growth (Douglas E, p.9). Moving to an overseas country in an emerging market could well be a good potential for a developed country to venture. Before choosing to do business with an overseas country, the home country will think about a market that has smaller, cultural, institutional and geographic distance. Other criteria that might affect their choice decisions are; the lower tariff rates, cheaper resources and easier acquisition possibilities and less competition (Fey et al. 2016). If a developed country chooses to enter an emerging market, that market will need to be well developed with a stable environment created by no major political upheavals leading to social stability. The example of the Chinese telecommunication equipment company Huawei is a good one to explain why internationalisation should happen in a developing country first before moving to other developed nations. The question was; So how did Huawei achieve its success of having no international activity back in 1999 to $11 billion of sales by 2006, whereby 65% was foreign sales only, and 31 of the worlds top 50 telecommunications operators were their customers (Fey et al. 2016). It is believed that part of the secret emanated from Chinese history and followed Maos military strategy where the best way was to target rural areas first, barricade the cities and then move into them. In regards to their business strategy, Huawei adopted the same approach of internationalising by first entering developing countries or transforming economies, which showed less competition and relatively good growth potentials and then later moved to developed ones (Fey et al. 2016). 3.0 An analysis of why Dominos could expand to Mauritius, as a potential market Before analysing the Mauritian market for Dominos, it is important to briefly explain and link the expansion strategy as to why that particular market is chosen for business. As such, the table below, which depicts a general systematic approach to international market expansion and entry mode selected, will be briefly analysed: (Koch 2001, p.70) The reason why Dominos could target Mauritius as a long-term potential market for business would be because that would definitely help the firm to increase its profits, seek new economies of scale, to reduce operating costs by getting access to lower cost of factors of production and lower labour and ultimately take advantage of getting behind trade barriers, which can reduce the cost of entry in the island. Furthermore, the area is well protected, free from wars and conflicts, provides easy access to goods and services, where it becomes easier to set up a business. If Dominos goals and objectives are aligned with the business strategy of entering the Mauritian market, then the risks involved might be lesser than choosing a bigger developed nation with more competition. The major risk would be that Mauritius is a small country and there is no market propinquity between the island and Dominos home country but the growth rates might increase faster because Mauritius does not have many pizza chains offering the same quality of product and service as Dominos and is a culturally diverse country. Therefore, the benefits will in the long run exceed the risks of operating in such market. All these will be clearly analysed in the following analysis: 4.0 PESTLE Analysis of the Mauritian Market Mauritius is a republic and democratic country that gained independence from the British colony in 1968. The country is small, an open African economy that attracts both Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and domestic investment in a diversified economy, with a population of only 1,260,934 (Doing business 2016). Mauritius is more engaged in exports than importing products, creating it as an Export Processing Zone since 1971 (Croucher Rizov, 2015). The country is characterised by low level of corruption and stable and strong institutions that attracts high levels of FDI. In 2011 the Heritage Foundations Economic Freedom ranked Mauritius as number eight in the world, two place above the USA (Croucher Rizov p. 2702). Very often the island is considered as an African success story, a unique example of constant successful developments where companies in Mauritius expand their operations in Africa and. An effective analysis of the Mauritian market can be discussed as follows: 4.1 Political Environment Analysis The political climate in Mauritius is moderate, thanks to democratic freedom. The island has strong constitutions for successful development. According to Alon and McKee 1999, Political risk refers to the host country government actions that have adverse effects on the business environment in which an international country wishes to venture for business (Hoffman et al. 2008). In mid-2011 because of a high inflation rate, the government in Mauritius introduced a monetary tightening policy. Therefore, this action facilitated improvements in the business climate, which ultimately created ease of access for foreign investments and business venturing in the region. Mauritius depends largely on its exports to obtain FDI and have been a champion in doing so thanks to low-cost labour, efficient infrastructure, preferential access to large markets to promote Free Trade, sound legal system, political stability, government policies favourable to foreign investors and a strong business environment with a vibrant entrepreneurial culture (Seetanah Boopen, 2011, p. 29). This implies that thanks to political stability, within a democratic framework Mauritius attracts many foreign transactions and all those companies coming from abroad to work in the island constitute as proofs of a stable political system. Mauritius and the United States (US) have trade agreements where they signed a Trade Investment Framework Agreement *TIFE) in 2006 (Office of the United States Trade Representative 2014). The aim of TIFA is to reinforce and expand trade ties between US and Mauritius. It also provides an opportunity to work more closely on various trade-related issues, including moving the World Trade Organisation (WTO) Doha Round forward and implementing the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA), all facilitating free trade between the island and other countries (Mauritius Trade Easy 2016). 4.2 Economic Environment Analysis According to the Doing business 2016 World Bank Report, Mauritius is ranked at the 32nd place in its ease of doing business and 66th in trading across borders, among 189 countries globally (Doing business 2016). This could be a source of attractiveness on behalf of overseas companies willing to operate in the island. A small island state, still in a developing mode with little population is quite impressive in terms of various developments so far, based from those ranking indicators. Mauritius made business easier by decreasing trade license fees (Doing business 2016). The Mauritian economy has become an upper middle-income diversified economy with a rise in economic growth over the years in the financial, industrial and tourist sectors. This rising trend is ongoing, putting the island as a growing economy and it has shifted from a predominantly agriculture based economy to an industrial one. There are three pillars which are at the heart of the Mauritian economy namely; sugar, tourism and garment sectors with recent investments in information and communication services as well as of a seafood hub (Kothari Wilkinson, 2013, p. 94). The country is an export-oriented business hub that attracts a massive inflow of FDIs, coming mostly from France, South Africa and other countries. The World banks 2008 Doing Business Report ranks the island first in Africa and 27th in the world for ease of doing business (Seetanah Boopen, 2011, p.29). It forms part of the business-friendly countries. The economic conditions of any countries are considered to be positive when an economy is growing at a steady rate and in a negative phase if an economy is in contracting mode. Those favourable economic conditions diminish the risk perceptions of that market and make it more attractive to expand in that particular area (Hoffman et al. 2008). As per the International Trade Forum, Mauritius is an economic development success story (Mauritius International Trade Forum 1999). Thanks to its national export strategies, the island has become a mono-crop economy with an internationally-oriented service sector. Preferential access to the European Union and United States markets for good and services have further expanded the Mauritian economy. The government encourages enterprise development with subsidies and investment incentives to maintain an open economy. 4.3 Social and Cultural Environment Analysis The Mauritian culture is recognised for its uniqueness and rich social and cultural diversity, which comprises of many various religions like Hindus, Christians, Muslims and Chinese and even people from abroad settling in the island. As such, doing business in the country creates fewer challenges in terms of cultural dissimilarities. The literacy rate in Mauritius is quite high. As per the education indicators in the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Report 2013, the island is doing relatively well with a youth literacy rate of 96.8% and an adult literacy rate of 88.8% (Mauritius 2015). However, according to Statistics Mauritius, in 2013, 2,200 unemployed graduates were looking for a job and this was due to a skills-mismatch between the training gained at higher education level and what the market demanded in terms of skills. This could represent an obstacle for doing business in Mauritius. Nevertheless, from my personal observation, between 2013 and now, things have started to change with the recent government election in December 2014. Creation of jobs has increased and is still in progress and various schemes have been introduced to offer training and work placements. Mauritius creates social stability in a way because there exists no wars, whereby few ethnic conflicts do exist but do not last long. Mauritians adopt the fruit salad metaphor, unlike the melting pot metaphor in the United States, which simply says that a multiethnic society prevails in the island instead of an individualistic one (Ng Bloemraad, 2015, p. 623 ). This way of living therefore creates a level playing ground between the genders and promotes equality. Level of poverty in Mauritius is good, with less than 1% of the total population living on less than 1USD per day. This also implies that purchasing power could remain strong for Mauritians. More and more Mauritians now do not have time to cook or simply find it easier to buy food outside because of a wide variety of food courts selling different types of food. This take-away and food delivery trend is quite common in the island. 4.4 Legal Environment Analysis The legal environment of Mauritius comprises of various trade unions. These trade unions protect employees and employers rights and laws for effective employment practice on the market. Countries with better legal investor protection should attract more foreign inflows of financial capital to their domestic businesses (Starky, 2003, p. 3). We have discussed earlier that Mauritius attracts and receives high inflows of FDIs from exports, which also implies that the legal framework of the island is stable and sound. An overseas market is also considered effective when its legal environment is of good quality and does not raise any uncertainties (Roy 2006). Mauritius legal system, which is based on both English and French practices offers flexible corporate legislations together with good operation costs (Mauritius provides ocean of advantages 1997). The workforce in the island speaks both English and French with further creates a competitive advantage in terms of attracting business from Africa, Asia, the Middle East and Europe. The good legal environment is due to the positive political participation and culture prevailing in the country. 5.0 Recommendations Based on the above analysis and framework, it could be deduced that Mauritius as a destination market for Dominos could benefit from the Michael Porters possible generic strategies for competitive advantage. Those advantages could exist both internally (firms level) and externally (the general pizza industry level). Since Mauritius has only two pizza chains in the island, with not many competitors and substitutes, whereby pizza hut is not profitable enough and has closed down some its shops across the island, and debonairs is average, Dominos could be a market leader for pizza, bringing value for money, uniqueness and a wide variety of menus if it adopts a differentiation strategy. Dominos should try to produce at a less expense than its competitors on the Mauritian market so that demand and market share for the product increases and brings high revenue, thus creating a cost leadership strategy as well. The marketing trend says that people tend to buy more of a product at the creation stage. Therefore, overall entry in Mauritius will be like a competitive move since political, economic, legal and social climates are stable and favourable to the little fast-food nation, whereby purchasing power is still high. 6.0 References   Ã‚   1) Croucher, R Rizov, M 2015, MNEs and flexible working practices in Mauritius, The International Journal of Human Resource Management, vol. 26, no. 21, pp. 2701-2717 2) Douglas E, T 2001, Who goes abroad? International diversification by merging market firms into developed markets, ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, pp. 1-121 3) Doing Business 2016, Measuring Regulatory Quality and Efficiency, http://www.doingbusiness.org/reports/global-reports/doing-business-2016 4) Fey, C.F, Nayak, A.K.J.R, Wu, C Zhou, A.J 2016, Internationalization Strategies of Emerging Market Multinationals: A Five M Framework, Journal of Leadership Organisational Studies, pp. 1-16 5) Hoffman, R.C, Kincaid, J.F, Preble, J.F 2008, International Franchise Expansion: Does Market Propinquity Matter?, Multinational Business Review, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 25-52 6) Koch, A.J 2001, Selecting overseas markets and entry modes: two decision processes or one?, Marketing Intelligence Planning, Vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 65 75 7) Kothari, U Wilkinson 2013, Global Change, Small Island State Response: Restructuring and The Perpetuation of Uncertainty In Mauritius and Seychelles, Journal of International Development, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 92-10 8) Mauritius Trade Easy: Expanding markets and Facilitating compliance 2016, http://www.mauritiustrade.mu/en/trade-agreements/usa#haut 9) Mauritius International Trade Forum 1999, http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA59672193v=2.1u=ntuit=rp=AONEsw=wasid=7836396c1459104cb7042eee9e360674 10) Mauritius 2015, http://www.africaneconomicoutlook.org/en/country-notes/southern-africa/mauritius/. 11) Mauritius provides ocean of Advantages, 1997, South China Morning Post, 27th April. 12) Office of the United States Trade Representative: Executive office of the President 2014, https://ustr.gov/countries-regions/africa/east-africa/mauritius 13) Roy, J-P 2006, International joint venture partner selection and performance: The role of the host country legal environment, Proquest Dissertations Publishing, pp. 1-240 14) Seetanah, B Rojid, S 2011, The determinants of FDI in Mauritius: a dynamic time series investigation, African Journal of Economic and Management Studies, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 24-41. 15) S. NG, E Bloemraad, I 2015, A SWOT Analysis of Multiculturalism in Canada, Europe, Mauritius, and South Korea, American Behavioral Scientist, vol. 59, no. 6, pp. 619-636. 16) Starky, S 2003, Legal Environment as a Determinant of International Investment Positions: An Empirical Analysis, ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, pp. 1-95.

PPL Corporation v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue

I chose this court case because the decision will have effects on many businesses in the United States who own foreign companies. A holding for the Commissioner of Internal Revenue may subject taxpayers in PPL’s position to double taxation. However, a holding for PPL threatens to undermine the consistency and uniformity of the U. S. tax code as well as curtailing the power of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue to interpret the law. The main issue in the case is whether or not a U. S. company receives a U. S. tax credit for paying the United Kingdom’s windfall tax. Along with the issue comes the question on whether or not the courts should employ a formalistic approach that looks solely at the form of the foreign tax statue and ignores how the tax actually operates, or should employ a substance based approach that considers factors such as the practical operation and intended effect of the foreign tax. Section 901 of the Internal Revenue Code allows U. S. Corporations a tax credit for income, war profits, and excess profits taxes paid to another country to avoid double taxation. This case involves the application of section 901 to a â€Å"winfall tax† (a one-time twenty three percent tax imposed by the United Kingdom on privatized companies). Petitioner PPL Corporation is an energy company in Allentown, Pennsylvania that provides electricity and natural gas to consumers in the United States and the United Kingdom. PPL Corporation owned a 25% share in South Western Electricity Board that the Government privatized in the 1980’s. In 1997, the U. K. Government imposed a windfall tax on companies based on the difference between a company’s value and the â€Å"flotation value†, or the amount at which the U. K. Government sold the company. After paying the tax, PPL then filed a tax claim with the IRS asserting PPL was eligible for a foreign tax credit under section 901 of the Internal Revenue Code. After being denied by the IRS in 2007, PPL argued that the windfall tax targets income and that the calculation of the tax involves the value of the company’s net gain. The Commissioner denied these laims however, stating that the tax is not a tax on income but rather a tax on the value of a company. The Commissioner adds that the calculation of the tax measures the ability of a company to generate income. The decision on the petition filed by PPL in the United States Tax Court was that PPL was entitled to a foreign tax credit because the windfall tax was essentially a tax on excess profits and this fell within the requirements of section 901. The Commissioner then appealed the decision to the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit. There, the decision was reversed in favor of the Commissioner holding that the windfall tax did not entitle PPL to a foreign tax credit because the tax was a tax not solely on South Western Electricity Board’s profits but instead on the difference between its profits and sale value. On July 9, 2012 PPL contested the decision of the Third Circuit and filed a writ of certiorari to the Supreme Court of the United States which was granted review on October 9, 2012. As I stated before, one of more important discussions about this particular case is what approach the courts should take when deciding. PPL argues the Supreme Court should adopt an approach that considers the actual as well as the planned function of the foreign tax, a substance based approach. PPL argues that U. S. tax laws have always looked beyond the label or name of the tax imposed by the foreign country and instead focused on how the tax operates- the substance of the tax. Furthermore, the PPL notes that the Treasury Regulations, section 901-2, suggest that a substance-based approach should be used. The Treasury Regulations state that â€Å"income† includes any income that has already been earned, is revenue based on gross receipts, or is net income. Congress intended, as shown in section 901, that in such situations, the substance of the tax trumps its form because tax law aims to reach the realities of economic transactions and dealings. The Commissioner argues that PPL’s reliance on the substance-based approach incorrectly assumes that any tax that depends on net profits is an income tax. Thus, the Commissioner rejects the substance-based approach and argues that the foreign tax paid by PPL was not an income tax and therefore does not qualify under section 901. The Commissioner argues that the substance of the U. K. windfall is the same as the form or labels that the British tax authorities have provided. The Commissioner stated that the U. K. windfall tax is a tax on the value of a company in relation to how much the U. K. government would receive for the company if it were sold. In response to PPL’s argument on double taxation, the Commissioner believes that because the windfall tax is not an income tax, PPL’s profits are not actually taxed twice. The Supreme Court’s decision in this case will determine whether a windfall tax involving gross receipts and excess profit constitutes the equivalent of a United States income tax and thus is eligible for a foreign tax credit under the Internal Revenue Code. I think PPL has a strong case against the Commissioner and I believe the Supreme Court will rule in the companies favor. I do believe that the windfall taxation on these businesses along with the U. S. taxation would mean double taxation for these companies.

The Role of the Media in the Violation of Children’s Rights

â€Å"Children have the right to reliable information from the media †¦.. [which]†¦.. should not promote materials that could harm [them]. † (UNICEF, 1991). There is hardly any restriction placed on the dreadful things that the media has to offer and so children these days have easy access to all that they should not be seeing or hearing in the media. This simply means that the media are not playing their role where protecting children is concerned. In today’s society where the mass media convey all form of negativity whether on the television, internet, videogames or even the radio, members of society need to become aware of what the younger generation are being influenced by so that values that are taught are not lost easily. The media violate the rights of a child by exposing them to crime and violence, giving them access to sexually explicit content and by creating a false sense of reality in which they believe almost everything they see. The media expose children to crime and violence on a daily basis. This is so because everyday at least child watch the television, listen to the radio, play video games or surf the internet. Huesman (1986) as cited in Kundanis (2003) is of the view that children with poor academic skills are more aggressive and are the ones who watch more violence on the television. It is believed that violence in the media leads to aggressive behaviour. (Abel, 2005, Huesmann, 1986 as cited in Kundanis, 2003 & Johnson, 1998). All of these authors believe that if children are exposed to violence in the media it will have a negative impact on them in which they will become aggressive. Children who behave aggressively tend to carry this behaviour with them to adulthood and sometimes cause damage to those around them. According to Johnson (1998), children act out what they see in the television. Most of the things that children act out are the negativities. These include smoking, killing, fighting and killing just to name a few. According to Johnson (1998) many believe that the parents are the ones to be blamed for children being exposed to crime and violence in the media. However parents can do so much and no more to put a stop to that. This is because, not all the time will they be around to monitor their children’s watching habits, the type of music they listen or the websites they visit. It is agreed that the can play a part in limiting it but not to the full extent. It is the media’s responsibility to protect children from materials that could harm them (UNICEF, 1991), however they are not playing their part and so children are at risk. Children need to be protected against anything that will in anyway seize their ability to grow up with the necessary morals and values. Being exposed to pornography will in some way hinder that. Based on a research done by Ybarra and Mitchell (2005) 90% of the children between the ages of 12 and 18 have access to the internet. The more access a child has to the internet, the more exposed he or she is to the internet. Once the internet connection is there, sexually explicit contents are just a click away. Most times when children are surfing the net a pop-up screen window appears telling them that they have won the lottery or sometimes it is in the form of something very attractive. This is to persuade them so that they will be curious about what is happening on their screen. While some will ignore it, there are others who will venture further into it not knowing what they are getting themselves into. Most of these things lead to pornographic contents. Children are unintentionally being exposed to sexual contents in the media (Ybarra & Mitchell, 2005). Most children log on to the internet with no intention of viewing porn however ends up doing just that. The media continues to exploit children’s rights by exposing them to pornography on the internet, in films and televised programmes (Media Code of Conduct, 2005). Even though the media commit themselves to ensuring that they do not violate children’s rights they are failing in the process. Children believe what they see on the media, whether it be true or false. This is because the media produces many things that appear to be real. Children look to certain television characters as their role model, whether they star in a movie, a television show or something of the sort. However, what they fail to realise is that most of the time what their role models are portraying is not necessarily a good thing. To children what is seen on the television is a representation of reality (Baran, McIntyre & Meyer, 1984). Therefore actions like smoking are acceptable and the amount they see on the television is normal because television is reality. According to Berger (2008) seeing is believing, so what a person believe is tied to what they have seen. Therefore when a child sees something he or she is confident that it exists. Seeing enables them to ascertain with their own eyes that it is in fact the truth. Even though the Media Code of Conduct states that they commit themselves to ensuring that the media does not violate the rights of a child, very little is done to prevent that. This is so because children are still being exposed to all the negativities that the media offers. Greater emphasis needs to be placed on protecting children from the dangers that are present in the media. This will enable every child to live a healthy lifestyle which they truly deserve. It is in fact the media’s role to fulfil their promise of protecting children from the harm and dangers that they offer.

The framework to apply the effective WBDL Essay Example

The framework to apply the effective WBDL Essay Example The framework to apply the effective WBDL Essay The framework to apply the effective WBDL Essay Figure3:TheframeworktoapplytheeffectiveWBDLtotheorganizationsHumanResourceDevelopmentPlan.Table1highlightshowWBTsuchasWBDLanalyzesthelearningimperativesessentialfortheHumanResource.Thefirstlearningimperativeisthediversificationofthelearningportfolio.TheimperativeassertthatHumanResourceinvariousorganizationsmustmaintainthehighleveloftalentsoastomeetthepresentcompetitivechallenges(Tannenbaum,2002).Theexpandedlearningalternativesareessentialbecausetraditionalclassroomtrainingcanmeetalloftheorganizationsrequirements.ThelearningalternativesprovideindividualcustomizationandpersonalizedtrainingsoastoexaminethediverseissuesHumanResourceandorganizationsface.TheWBDListhevaluableflexibleadditiontotheorganizationslearningportfoliothatcanofferacustomizedtrainingexperiencesoastomeetthediverselearningrequirementsoftheemployees.Forinstance,theorganizationmayhavethecompleteportfoliooftheWBDLcourses.Theemployeesmaytakeandaccomplishthecoursethatmeetsaparticularlearningrequirement.Indevelopingthetrainin gstrategy,anAmericanRedCross(ARC)realizedemployeeshavevaryinglearningstylesandrequirements.Forinstance,theARChasvariousemployeeswhoareself-drivenlearnersreadytotakeasuitablelearningresourceandmakethemostoftheirlearningfromthemedia.TheAmericanRedCrossadoptedtheWBDLdesigntomeetthestrategiclearningrequirementswhilepermittinglearnerstoparticipateanddetermineintrainingcoursesthataresuitabletotheirrequirements.Theemployeescandownloadcareerassessmentandotherplanningtoolssoastheycanreadandunderstandthelearningandtrainingopportunitiesrequiredtomeettheorganizationalgoals(RogersBecker,2001).AcceleratingthepaceoflearningisanessentialbenefitderivedfromtheWBDL.Thepresentworkenvironmentneedsanacceleratedpaceofworkerlearning.Learningrequirementsoccurquicklyandoften(Tannenbaum,2002).TheWeb-BasedDistanceLearningapplicationcanbeappliedquicklyandfairly,andoncedeveloped,theapplicationcanreachworkersimmediately.TheflexibilityoftheWBDLcanassistHumanResourcemeettheirlearningrequirementsunderseeminglyimposs ibleissues.ProvisionoftheopportunitiestogrowandlearnisanotheressentialstrategyfortheHumanResource.Competitioncreatestherequirementtomaintainandattracttalentfromvariousworkers.Anessentialactionofcreatingcompetitionistomakecertainthatemployeesbelievetheyhavevariousopportunitiestogrowandlearncontinuously(Tannenbaum,2002).Thepartofofferingtheenvironmentsoastosupportcontinuouslearningandtrainingistomakecertainthatemployeesatalllevelsoftheorganizationcanactivelypursuedevelopmentandtrainingactivities(Noeetal.1997).TheWBDLcanofferaccesstolearningandtrainingopportunitiesalalltheworkersthatcanaccessthecomputerthatisconnectedtotheInternet.TheHumanResourcecanprovideworkersthatdonotperforminofficeswithsharedterminalstolearnandtrainviatheWebapplications.Table1:BenefitsofadoptingWBLsuchasWBDLinmeetingtheorganizationallearningrequirementsEffectiveWBTHumanResourcedesigningtheWBTarerequiredtoconsidertheleanertraitsthatrequirementsindevelopingtheWBTcoursesthatfacilitateandindividualizeratherthanhinder trainingandlearning.ByanalyzingtheHumanResourceapplications,someessentialguidelinesfortheeffectiveWBTdesignmaterialize.HumanResourceissuesintheWBTdevelopmentandimplementationisthefirstguidelinefortheeffectiveWBT.TherapidgrowthofthetechnologysuchastheWBDLindifferentworkplaceshascausedvariouschangesintheworkercommunication.Theimplementationoftheelectroniccommunicationreducesface-to-facecommunication.Also,theimplantationoftheelectroniccommunicationhasreducedtheoverallcommunicationinvariousorganizations.Thelossofthecasualinteractioncandoharmtoanorganizationbecauseinnovativeinformationisoftenasaresultoftheinteraction.Theface-to-facecommunicationisabsentintheWBT.TeoptionofthelearnercontrolisanotheruniqueaspectoftheWBTdesign.Asdiscussedearlier,traditionalclassroomtrainingbarelyofferscontrolfortheinstructor.TheWeblearnerscanmovefreelythroughtrainingandearnandeveninteractwiththeWebsitesoutsideofthelearningcoursethroughtheuseofthehypertext.CollaborativelearningisanothereffectivenessofWBTforth eHumanResource.TheabsenceofthehumaninteractionintheWBTcreatestheconcernwiththeeffectivenessoflearningandtraining.CollaborativelearningisusefulinbuildingtheHumanResourceknowledgeconcerningthelearningmaterials.LearnercontrolisanothereffectivenessoftheWBT,andthelearnercontrolcanbeobservedfromdifferentperspectives.Thelearnercontrolcanbeobservedthroughthesequenceoftraining,contenttheychoose,andthecoursetheyexploreduringthelearningprocess.WBTcanbeevaluatedthroughHumanResourcesatisfactioninperformingtheirskills.RecommendationsWBTshouldbetiedtoparticularbusinessobjectivessinceseveralexamplesoftheapplicationsdesignedtosolveparticularissuessuchasadmittanceofremoteemployeepopulations.Also,theHumanResourceshouldconsidertherequirementandtheopportunityforthecollaborativelearningwhendesigningWBT.HumanResourceshouldcautiouslyevaluatethedesignandleveloflearnercontrolwithintheWBT.Lastly,theHumanResourceshouldevaluatetheirWBTefforts,whetherthroughformativeevaluationortraditionalevaluationefforts.TheWB Tshouldbeanalyzedtoidentifyifitismeetingthegoalsspecifiedintheplanninglevelsofthetraining.ConclusionTheWBThasthecapabilitytohavethesignificantimpactonthefutureoflearning,training,anddevelopmentofskills.However,tomakecertainthatWBTistheworthwhileinvestmentfortheorganization,itisessentialtohavetheimplementationplanthatispurposelytiedtotheorganizationsbusinessapproach.Withcarefulevaluationandplanning,WBThasthecapabilitytosolvevariousHumanResourcechallengesindifferentorganizations.FortheeffectiveuseoftheWBT,HumanResourcemustunderstandhowtomakeuseoftheWBTinthetrainingoftheiremployees.ReferencesKhan,H. (2001).TheFrameworkfortheWeb-BasedLearning.Web-BasedTraining.EJ;EducationalTechnologyPublications.Ladd,B. (1990), TheEarlyCBTremembered:Howwegotherefromthere,InteractiveTechnologies,pp.8-10.Drucker,P. (2000), Thelongview,TrainingandDevelopment,Volume54No.12,pp.27.Berge,Z.L. (1998), TheConceptualFrameworksintheDistanceTrainingandEducation:DistanceTraining:HowInnovativeOrganizationsAreUsingTe chnologytoMaximizeLearningandMeetBusinessObjectives,Jossey-Bass,SanFrancisco.Galagan,P. (2000), E-learningRevolution:TrainingandDevelopment,Volume54No.12.Kosarzycki,M.,Salas,E.,Firoe,S. Burke,C.S. (2002), EmergingThemesinDistanceLearningResearchandPractice:someFoodforThought,PresentedattheAnnualConferenceofSocietyforIndustrialandtheOrganizationalPsychology,Toronto.Tannenbaum,A. (2002), TheStrategicViewofOrganizationalTrainingandLearningCreatingorImplementingorManagingtheEffectiveTrainingandtheDevelopment,Jossey-Bass,SanFrancisco,CA,p.10-52.Rogers,N. Becker,S. (2001), FromTrainingEnhancementtoOrganizationalLearning:AMigrationofDistanceLearningatanAmericanRedCrossSustainingDistanceTraining:AnIntegratingLearningTechnologiesintotheFabricoftheEnterprise,Jossey-Bass,SanFrancisco,p.329-47.

Literary Terms (Cliche-Inversion) Essay Example

Literary Terms (Cliche Literary Terms (Cliche-Inversion) Paper Literary Terms (Cliche-Inversion) Paper Essay Topic: Poetry Cliche is a word or phrase, often a figure of speech, that has become lifeless because of overuse Colloquialism a word or phrase in everyday use in conversation and informal writing but is inappropriate for formal situations Comic Relief the use of a comic scene to interrupt a series of intense dramatic moments Conflict the struggle between opposing forces or characters in a story External Conflict conflicts can exist between two people, between a person and nature or a machine, or between a person and a whole society Internal Conflict a conflict can be internal, involving opposing forces within a persons mind Connotation the associations and emotional overtones that have become attached to a word or phrase, in addition to its strict dictionary definition Consonance repetition of internal or ending consonant sounds of words close together in poetry Deus Ex Machina improbable resolution involving the intervention of some outside force Denotation literal dictionary definition of a word Dialect a way of speaking that is characteristic of a certain social group or of the inhabitants of a certain geographical area Diction a speaker or writers choice of words Explication act of interpreting or discovering the meaning of a text, usually involves close reading and special attention to figurative language Euphemism word consciously chosen for its pleasant connotations passed away instead of died Fable a very short story told in prose or poetry that teaches a practical lesson about how to succeed in life Farce a type of comedy in which ridiculous and often stereotyped characters are involved in silly, far-fetched sitiuations Figurative Language words which are inaccurate if interpreted literally, but are used to describe. Similes and metaphors are common forms Flashback a scene that interrupts the normal chronological sequence of events in a story to depict something that happened at an earlier time Foil a character who acts as a contrast to another character. Often a funny side kick to the dashing hero, or a villain contrasting the hero Foreshadowing the use of hints and clues to suggest what will happen later in a plot Hamartia tragic flaw which causes a characters downfall Hyperbole a figure of speech that uses an incredible exaggeration or overstatement, for effect Hubris tragic flaw of overwhelming pride Idiom an expression whose meaning is not understood from the literal translation it is raining cats and dogs Imagery the use of language to evoke a picture or a concrete sensation of a person, a thing, a place, or an experience In Media Res beginning in the middle of the action Inversion the reversal of the normal word order in a sentence or phrase

Hamlet - Deliverer of Denmark Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Hamlet - Deliverer of Denmark - Essay Example So who is really the hero and who is the villain in this play? This is the indeterminacy that one faces with in this play. The Ghost in the play causes Hamlet a great deal of problem and difficulty. If he is coming from the purgatory, why is he shrieking for retribution? Why does his speech sound as if it is coming from hell? No one knows the answer because no one knows Hamlet’s father except through his own eyes. On the contrary Claudius is a strong and healthy man. There is absolutely nothing wrong with Claudius – the King. His people have no problems with him and he seems to be conducting the affairs of the state with competence. His wife is happy with him and so are his courtiers. There is absolutely no one theme that can be called the central theme of the play and thus, as many as possible interpretations and themes can be derived from it, each proving itself to be as important as the other. Moreover, the elimination of a single theme from under the classification of ‘major themes’; results in the complete avoidance of an important aspect of the play. Hamlet is a tragedy of imagination and thus it is in clear opposition of the classical ideal of a tragedy. It is a tragedy of character rather than a tragedy of plot, which according to the classics was the most important part of a tragedy. This paper is going to explore the possibilities of Hamlet taking an early action in the play and is going to be based on pure assumption of the aftermath. In the very first instance when Hamlet loses his normalcy and confronts his uncle, who is now the King, is after he has witnessed the ghost. Hence, towards the end of act I, he is in dilemma. He has learnt not only about his father’s murder but also of the possible adultery of his mother. He absorbs this fact within himself, hiding it from even Horatio. He starts to play the madman. Hamlet could have entered the very first scene with a dagger in his hand directed towards Claudius. Had t hat been the case, the play could have taken a totally new interpretation of the character. He would have been accused of murder and thrown out of Denmark. But instead he internalizes his feelings and vents them in the form of soliloquy: Let me not think on't,--Frailty, thy name is woman!-- A little month; or ere those shoes were old With which she followed my poor father's body Like Niobe, all tears;--why she, even she,-- O God! a beast that wants discourse of reason, Would have mourn'd longer,--married with mine uncle, My father's brother; but no more like my father Than I to Hercules: within a month; (I.i) After witnessing the ghost and convincing himself that his uncle was involved in the murder based on his prior suspicion, he starts his quest to murder his uncle. Hamlet’s hamartia or the tragic flaw lies in his secrecy. He continues to carry out his plan without sharing it with his dearest friend. This is what causes the delay. At the end of act III scene iii, Hamlet ha s a perfect chance to kill his uncle, but there is a problem; Claudius is praying. Hamlet is afraid that if he attempts to kill him at this point in time, he would rather send him to heaven! He believes that killing him now would be "hire and salary, not revenge!" When Hamlet confronts his mother in her bedroom, where Polonius is hiding behind the tapestry, Hamlet wishes that it was Claudius in his place. Had it been the case, he could have been spared the guilt of

RESEARCH PAPER Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Research Paper Example Hence, it would be apt to apply a Marxist critical approach to any of the works of Shakespeare, and more so to Hamlet. The more traditional approaches towards literary criticism do coax and cajole the text to yield the innate meanings inherent in it. However, a Marxist approach towards the understanding of Hamlet, rather than delving on bringing out the hidden meanings, will rather try to approach the text as a material creation that needs to be understood in a historical context. To be able to interpret Hamlet in a Marxist context, the readers need to approach the theory wearing a Marxist lens that places a more than regular stress on as to how the characters affiliated to varied classes tend to interact with each other, particularly in the backdrop of the class oppression and the involving socio-economic inequity, and especially considering those words and dialogues emanating from any character that propose or are indicative of the rebellion against the upper classes. This is becau se form a Marxist perspective, the main element of interest will tend to be a determining base and then the determined superstructure imminent on it. In that context in the play Hamlet, the mannerisms inherent in the interactions between varied social classes, and the way the society is structured in the play indeed happens to be a strong driving force in the play (Joughin 57). In Hamlet one could indeed trace a strict representation of the avowed Marxist social classes that are the Aristocracy, represented by the royal family and the people of the court, which constitute the ruling class and make the pivotal socio-economic decisions in the play, the Bourgeoisie that are the characters that stand just below the aristocracy and earn a living by trading in the resources required by the other classes, and then the lowest class that are the Proletariat or the working class or the serfs that eke out a living by selling their labor and skills. There is no denying the fact that without muc h elaborating on the characters akin to each of the respective social class, it is amply evident in Hamlet that every character in it could be placed in one of the three Marxian social classes. The very first scene in Act I in Hamlet is replete with the indications of class struggle and thereby constitutes an ideal subject for a Marxian dissection. The scene begins by showing one of the guards on the palace walls relieving his colleague of the night duty. Now, in the times of Shakespeare, night watch was a work that was never assigned to the members of the upper class, and hence it could be concluded that the two guards, though being officers, hailed from the lower social strata. Irrespective of their mutual greeting of â€Å"Long Live the King!† which seems to evince their loyalty for the aristocracy, this loyalty seems to smack of falsehood and despair as no good member of the lower class made to perform the watch duty on a cold night will prefer to be so supportive of the upper classes who made one undergo such an ordeal. Hence, the truth that leaps forward is that perhaps Shakespeare happened to be an opportunist who simply could not help supporting and sustaining the socio-economic status quo of which he was a part of, that is, the monarchy,