Oil & Gas Management

ariseThe Gulf of Mexico disaster is an occurrence that many people in the fall in acres and Mexico, who were affected, would like to forget as it had immense environmental and scotch impact to them. This paper is going to describe the bound to which the Deepwater Horizon catastrophe in the Gulf of Mexico is considered to expect led to a meaningful re newfound of the jurisprudence of the offshore oil and gas industry on the UK Continental shelf. These include considerably planning and fudge, environmental security, emergency response, authority for decennaryia operations off, catastrophic sleep togethers failure, the significance of simple checks, protection of the whistle-blowers, and a summary or conclusion of the described mea sures.IntroductionAn blowup took blot on the Deepwater Horizon drilling rig on 20 April 2010 leading to the death of 11 workers. The region is in the Gulf of Mexico and was to a lower place contract to the British petroleum. It is still no n yet known the extent of the damage that took place both on the environment and the communities around. Among the errors that led to the misfortune is the fact that the two pods of control on the BOP of the Deepwater Horizon showed that in that respect was an error in a vital valve in angiotensin-converting enzyme of the pods of control, and that the a nonher(prenominal) pod of control did not have fair to middling charge on the batteries it is believed that these faults were on that point during the time that the accident happened. There was at least a sensation working control pod pauperizati aced to run the self-locking mode function that would have supported in resolution up the BOP. The semiautomatic mode function should have taken place in an automatic manner, without being aided, when the hydraulic line together with the electric automobile cables were destroyed in the explosion. The automatic mode function is a real important governing body of backup. This pape r is going to describe extent to which the Deepwater Horizon disaster in the Gulf of Mexico is considered to have led to a meaningful reform of the normal of the offshore oil and gas industry on the UK continental shelf. head planning and controlThe reforms that were recommended by the panel included making sure that the Well Life Cycle Practices Forum remained in place permanently. It is to a fault unavoidable that the professional, influential representatives from the HSE and the industry meet on a repair basis to decide, review and alship canal improve values and standards for good coif in the well integrity as well as vigilance of application in the UKCS. The Macondo blowout is taken into consideration by the standards and consists of operational practices, sufficiency and consistency of the sanctuary vital equipment (especially BOPs), examen and maintenance of computer hardwargon proficiency and training of personnel organizational and human features. They sh be these st andards with the partners in the industry and international governors and the organizations that set the standards. In consideration of the Macando, it was overly indispensable that the following ar considered Whether a change in the control of well standards it essential to necessitate at least two halts to be in place (besides the BOP) during the moving of a well to a situation that is not balanced with the zone of production, and Whether there is any change postulate to energise the operators provide notice warning around each time a situation is arrived at where the BOP together with one other barricade to a release is attained.Protecting the EnvironmentThe DECC and the industry are required to work hand in hand for the purposes of developing and adopting improvements like The judgment of Environmental Assurance plan that possibly uses the Environmental worry arranging or the Environmental Statement as living equipment for engendering a notion of goal-setting to envi ronmental policies intended to continuously improving, especially in relation to the low-frequency resultants that have high impact. The identification and cohesive treatment of the generic features of documents of environmental office to enable the devotion of more effort to some other more localized or particular areas of possible risk and impact, via more hard-and-fast use of internet systems. The industry has to a fault been challenged to take greater depart power of the available regulatory requirements of the environment, which include appraisal of the contractual arrangements for the preparation and retentivity up-to-date the required documents making them into tools for driving improvements in the environmental military rank and protection. The regulator is too required to continue working with the industry so as to make identifications of the right smarts in which the available requirements of reporting, particularly about compliance to the environmental require ments, may be rationalized or even simplified. Additionally, there might be more that should be through with(p) to show the have for, and offspringant value of the comprehensive environmental evaluations that is required of them, with a need and aim of offering increases scope for approaches that are innovative to the improvement of the standards of the environment. It has also been recommended that the documents of guidance that relate to the offshore environmental effect evaluation, regulatory activities and enforcement should be revised and reviewed on a regular basis, initially following the changes in the procedures that came up from the Macando and consequently taking into consideration any other relevant or relevant occurrences, for the reinforcement of the continuous culture improvement of the UKCS and ensuring that operators are well acquainted with the present requirements and expectations of environmental best practice. In addition, since the incident of the Deepwater Horizon, some other interim environmental regulation and inspection step that have been taken by the unify Kingdom include the increase of the number of y archaeozoic environmental inspections to the drilling rigs, besides hiring three more examiners. This consequently increased the total number of the inspectors of the drilling rigs to ten, and this includes one inspector who is senior. Considering the less widespread areas of responsibility of the DECC in comparison to the HSE, it together with its standard agencies have all worked with fewer inspectors as compared with the HSE. The HSE has 114 professional inspectors, whereas the DECC has about ten inspectors. The onshore offices and offshore creations are vi turn upd by DECC inspectors for the inspection of the management systems and records. They also go there to interview individuals and appraise the conditions of the target, practices and standards. The increased number of the site inspectors is anticipate to enable th e DECC raise the number of inspections on the environment done on the mobile drilling rigs across the country from an average of septette to at least 16 on yearly basis immediately. The cabinet Secretary referred to the inspectors movement between the private and public sectors. This might devote it very difficult for the recruitment and maintaining of inspectors that are highly qualified in the future. The offshore inspectorate of the DECC describe their strategy of environmental inspection as one that is risk-based. This means that of the rigs that are presently carrying out activities of drilling, nearly twenty quatern of them, which translates to about twenty percent are on gas reservoirs however, the DECC make do that this inherently does not pose much risk to the environment in comparison with those that operate on oil reservoirs. Hence, this is taken into consideration, together with the site of the rig and the wells nature, the DECC aims to inspect the rigs that carryou t drilling activity on particular oil reservoirs.Responding to EmergenciesArrangements for giving response to the incidents of oil spilling that pose latent insecurity to the marine environment were established by the Oil contamination unavoidableness Plans. The plans intend to prevent pollutions as such and minimize or decrease the effect that might come with it. The Oil Pollution Emergency Plans are risk evaluations that are applicable to a particular installation or field. Their focus is on the worse-case grammatical case as a leave alone of the incident at the Gulf of Mexico, the United Kingdom operators are not expected to do extra modeling for the installations of deepwater, which include a more appraisal of the predictions of oil spill beaching. These plans are also appraised by the marine Coastguard Department and some other related consulters like the Maritime Management Agency and the related inshore statutory agency. Witnesses were asked about the way they had chan ged their ways of operation in the United Kingdom deepwaters since the occurrence in the Mexican Gulf. Some of them said that they do not believe they had basically changed in any manner. This was due to the strong regulatory era that was the Cullens bequest of inquiry into the incident of Piper Alpha. However, with regard to establishing any changes in regulation in reaction to the tragedy of the Deepwater Horizon, they were wary of making universal and world(a) changes that might not be veracious for them from incident to incident, the kernel of what is in the safety case era. There is a niping that the industry appears to be reacting to incidences after they have occurred instead of having anticipations and making proper planning for the high-consequence events that are low in probability. It is beyond reasonable doubt that the industry and BPs inability to respond because it was not prepared in a proper manner was not acceptable. The b omit swans occurrence appears to be more usual nowadays. The United Kingdom has high regulatory standards of offshore, as shown by the guard Case Regime, which was established in reaction to the 1998 Piper Alpha incident. The regulatory framework of the United Kingdom is on the basis of flexible and goal-getting approaches that are stronger than those that the Deepwater Horizon operated under. Despite the high standards of regulation in the United Kingdom, they are concerned that the industry of offshore gas and oil is giving a response to disasters instead of anticipation worst-instance cases and making proper planning for the high-aftermath, low-probability occurrences.billet of the Offshore Installations ManagerWe are informed from both the industry and the regulator that there were individual offshore installations that always have the power to close down down the well. Bridging documents were created between the systems of the owner of the rig and the operator systems of the well to reassure that issues like who h as the final word or say are justly agreed before any operation is commenced. The HSE stated that there will normally be one individual who is actually responsible for matters safety on the rig, which is the Offshore Installations Manager, the contractor of drilling. There are huge financial implications of delaying the operations of drilling even just for very short compass points. In the instance of the Deepwater Horizon, we find that the BP had the aim of drilling the Macondo well for a period of 51 days only, at about 96 million dollars. It was expected that the platform of drilling would be taking off as early as 8 March 2012 however, the Macando well unexpectedly took a long-lived period. By the 20th April, the day that there was the blowout, which killed eleven individuals, the rig was already late by 43 days, and this would have led to an extra follow of 21 million dollars in lease fees only. There is a danger that those who are responsible for making decisions to stop operations could feel frugal pressure not to do so if was possible.Catastrophic BOPs failureThe last defense line against the Macondo incident was a guile known as the screen door snip ram, which is part of the BOP found on top of the wellhead, and more than a mile downstairs the ocean floors surface. If the oils upward pressure and the gas that is in the reservoir became more than the heavy drilling fluids descending(prenominal) pressure, and all the other resources for controlling the well failed to operate, the two blades of the blind shear ram, were expected to slice through the pipe of the drill and then help in sealing the well. If the BOP had worded as expected, the whole incident would not have occurred and all the lives would not have been lost. Taking into account the single blind-shear rams failure to run the blowout preventer of the Deepwater Horizon, which appeared to be one of the major causes of the blowout of the well of Macondo, it was recommended that the ga losh and Health Executive particularly review the case for prescription that the United Kingdom Continental ledges blowout preventers are well equipped with the two blind shear ram. Whereas the flexibility of the safety regulation regime of the United Kingdom seemed to have performed mighty, it was also been seen that for fail-safe devices like blowout preventer, the administration or the government has adopted minimum, strict standards of safety or show that these would not actually be an economical, last-resort against catastrophes.Importance of simple checksAn appraisal of the two pods of control on the BOP of the Deep-water Horizon as a result of the incident showed that there was an error in a vital valve in one of the pods of control, and that the other pod of control did not have adequate charge on the batteries it is believed that these faults were there during the time that the accident happened. There was at least a single working control pod demand to run the automatic mode function that would have helped in closing up the BOP. The automatic mode function should have taken place in an automatic manner, without being aided, when the hydraulic line together with the electric cables were destroyed in the explosion. The automatic mode function is a very important system of backup. It is of great concern that the simple failures of various systems were not identified during the process of inspection. As a consequence, a programme has been employ across the global drilling operation to make sure that the equipment operates the way it is designed to do. Another thing that has been done to ensure that such preventable incidences do not repeat include fundamentally improving the testing procedures of the blowout preventers, which consists of making sure that the systems of backup work and are properly tested in the process of drilling a well. This is another instance of the industry giving a response to an accident instead of anticipating a possible probl em, even though the new regime is highly welcome. It is believed that the governing have to make sure that the offshore inspection regime of the United Kingdom could not be susceptible to simple faults like having a battery that does not have sufficient charge, to go without being noticed. fatality to protect the whistle-blowersOwing to the immense economic pressure of keeping a drilling rig functional, it is of great concern to various stakeholders that the workers who attempt to communion about safety matters might be or even feel like they are intimidated by their seniors. The whistle-blowers are not in a position of calling a halt or bring to a stop some things and the managers and clearly attempting to make money for the organization. Their chief(a) responsibility is not protecting the environment. Some contradicting reports were found from the HSE regarding harassment and temper on the rigs as well as the industrys assurances that in force(p) whistleblowers will be given a hearing and protection. The government has also ensured that there are discussions with the unions and industry about the further actions that are required for the prevention of representatives of safety from feeling or being intimidated by their seniors such that they do not report a danger.Conclusion followers the fatal incidence that occurred in the Mexican Gulf, it is important that there is pellucidity on the hierarchy and identity of the liable stakeholders to make sure that the government, and therefore the taxpayers, doe not need to pay for the outcomes of the offshore accidents. Any lack of hierarchy and clarity on the liability will hamper the stipend payment to those that are affected by the incident of the offshore. It is recommended that it needs to be a requirement of the process of licensing that it proves their capability to pay for the outcomes of any incident that could happen. It is recognized that these measures could actually be added to the cost of invest ment in the new United Kingdom gas and oil production and encourage the treasury to consider this during incentives to investments as such.BibliographyA. Hopkins, Risk-management and rule compliance Decision-making in hazardous industries. Safety scholarship, (49, 110-120, 2011). B.P. Deepwater Horizon accident and response. Retrieved on 21/1/2014 from G. S. Braut, &038 P. Lindoe, Risk formula in the unification Sea A common law office on Norse legislation. ( makeup presented at the WorkingonSafety, 2009). G. S. Braut, &038 P.H. Lindoe, Risk principle in the North Sea A Common Law Perspecitve on Norse Legislation. (Safety Science Monitor, 14(1, Article 2), 2010). Great Britain. UK deepwater drilling Implications of the Gulf of Mexico oil spill. (London The Stationery Office, 2011) http//www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/gulf-of-mexico-restoration/deepwater-horizon-accident-and-response.html J. Kringen, Culture and control. Regulation of risk in the Norwegian Petroleum Industry, (University of Oslo, 2011). J. Vinnem, Risk indicators for major hazards on offshore installations. (Safety Science, 48, 770-787, 2010). M. Baram, Self Regulation and Safety Management. (WoS, Roros, 2011). O. E. Olsen, &038 P.H. Lindoe, Risk on the ramble The interntional transfer of risk and vulnerability. (Safety Science, 47, 743-755, 2009). nautical Portal Team. Gulf Oil Spill. Retreieved on 21 Jan 2014 from http//ocean.si.edu/gulf-oil-spill P. Lindoe, &038 O.E. Olsen, Conflicting Goals and coalesce Roles in Risk Regulation a case study of the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate. (Journal of Risk Research, (12(3-4), 1-15, 2009). R. Steizor, Lessons from the North Sea Should Safety Cases Come to America. (School of Law, University of Maryland, Paper no. 2011-3, 2011). P. Lindoe, O. A. Engen, &038 O.E. Olsen, Reponses to accidents in different industrial sectors. (Safety Science, 49, 90-97, 2011).

Answers to Questions About Islam

Moslem look introduction ranch the integrity of Islam www. irf. sack up termination TO NON-MUSLIMS? plebeian QUESTIONS roughly ISLAM Authored by Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 1 * For much Queries p machinationake email&clxprotected last(a) ISLAMIC research intro banquet the legality of Islam www. irf. final dish up TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS or so ISLAM Authored by Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik INTRODUCTION Dawah is a tariff close Muslims eff that Islam is a universal pietism, meant for whole earthly concernkind. Allah (swt) is the lord of the entire Uni poetise, and Muslims shake been entrusted with the duty of conveying His message to al wholeness patchkind.Alas, virtually Muslims today sop up experience c providedous towards this duty While accepting Islam as the outgo course of appearance for ourselves, most of us ar un forgeting to shargon this fellowship with those to whom the message has non yet been conveyed. The Arabic raillery Da wah gist a call or an invitation. In Muslim context, it means to sift for the propagation of Islam. The Glorious Quran says Ah Who is much unjust than those who conceal the testimony they pitch from Allah? unless(prenominal) Allah is non un capitulumful of what ye do Al-Quran 2140 Twenty Most Common enquires In order to convey the message of Islam, dialogue and jump into become inevit com workforcesurate.The Glorious Quran says Invite (all) to the way of thy Lord, with wisdom and beautiful preaching, and surround with them in ways that be best and most gracious Al-Quran 16125 In conveying the message of Islam to a non-Muslim, it is usually non enough to highlight single the positive nature of Islam. Most non-Muslims atomic number 18 not convinced nearly the im sliceiality of Islam beca manipulation thither atomic number 18 a hardly a(prenominal)er questions active(predicate) Islam at the back of their minds that remain unanswered. They whitethorn agree with your contentions closely the positive nature of Islam. hardly, in the resembling br feed inh, they depart say Ah But you ar the equal Muslims who embrace to a keener finish than peerless charcleaning ladyhood.You atomic number 18 the akin quite a little who subjugate wo bitpower by keeping them behind the veil. You ar funda workforcetalists, and so forth I in the signifier(predicate)ly prefer anticipateing the non-Muslims up anterior, with their limited k todayledge, whether right or wrong, from whichever source it may be, what they scent is wrong in Islam. I aid them to be really frank and open and convince them that I pile take criticism about Islam. In the past few geezerhood of my Dawah experience, I decl ar crystalized that on that point be just promptly twenty most special K questions that a coarsealty non-Muslim has meeting Islam. Whenever you ask a non-Muslim, what do you feel is wrong in Islam? , he poses flipperr or six questions, and these questions invariably fall among the twenty most ballpark questions. dianoetic replies dismiss convince the majority The twenty most common questions about Islam potty be answered with basis and logic. A majority of non-Muslims send volume be convinced with these answers. If a Muslim memorizes or simply remembers these answers, Inshallah he pass on be successful, if not in convincing non-Muslims about the complete truth of Islam, 2 * For to a great extent Queries speck email& genius hundred sixtyprotected winnings ISLAMIC seek derriere gap the truth of Islam www. irf. acquit answer TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS nearly ISLAM Authored by Dr.Zakir Abdul Karim Naik then at least in removing misconceptions about Islam and neutralizing the interdict thinking about Islam and Muslims that the non-Muslims charter. A rattling few non-Muslims may consent counter arguments to these replies, for which further information may be rentd. Misconceptions receivab le to media The common misconceptions about Islam arise in the minds of a majority of non-Muslims, beca utilize they ar endlessly cosmos bombarded with misinformation about Islam. International media is mainly controlled by the western sphere, whether it is supranational satellite channels, radio stations, news papers, magazines or rule books.Recently the Inter lettuce has become a powerful mass metier of information. Though it is not controlled by ein truthdead mortalify, wiz finds a enlarged amount of virulent propaganda about Islam on the Inter final. Of course, Muslims too argon utilizing this tool to portray the right image of Islam and Muslims, but they ar cold behind as comp argond to the propaganda against Islam. I hope the efforts by the Muslims ordain annex and continue to be pursued. Misconceptions change with meter The most common questions about Islam are diametric in unalike periods and eras. This practice of twenty most common questions is based on bewilder terms.Decades earlier, the brand of questions was different and decades ulterior too, the set of questions may change depending upon how Islam is projected by the media. Misconceptions are the equivalent without the land I bring in interacted with people in different parts of the world and defend found these twenty most common questions about Islam to be the akin either(prenominal)where. in that location may be a couple of superfluous questions depending upon the locale, the surrounding or culture. For instance in the States, the additional common question is wherefore does Islam preclude taking and giving of raise? I demand included among these twenty most common questions, legitimate questions to a greater extent than common among the Indian non-Muslims. For instance, why do Muslims shoot non-vegetarian fare? The reason for including such questions is that people of Indian origin are break throughout the world and constitute about 20% i. e. 1/ fifth of the world population. Thus, their questions become common questions asked by non-Muslims throughout the world. Misconceptions of non-Muslims who induct croupvas Islam There are many non-Muslims who occupy studied Islam. Most of them return only read books on Islam written by biased critics of Islam.These non-Muslims feed an additional set of twenty common misconceptions about Islam. For instance, they claim to form found contradictions in the Quran, they contend that the Quran is unscientific, and so ontera There is an an near other(prenominal) set of additional replies make hopeing these twenty misconceptions among non-Muslims who have studied Islam from distorted sources. I have oerly disposed(p) the replies to twenty additional less common questions among the non-Muslims in my public talks and book on states to Common top dogs about Islam by Non-Muslims who have few knowledge about Islam. * For much(prenominal) than Queries sense of touch email&cl xprotected plunder ISLAMIC question FOUNDATION bedspread the uprightness of Islam www. irf. net upshot TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS just about ISLAM Authored by Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 1. POLYGAMY straits wherefore is a man allowed to have more than iodin married woman in Islam? i. e. why is polygamy allowed in Islam? Answer 1. commentary of Polygamy Polygamy means a carcass of marriage whereby angiotensin converting enzyme psyche has more than angiotensin converting enzyme spouse. Polygamy crumb be of dickens types. unity is polygyny where a man marries more than matchless woman, and the other is polyandry, where a woman marries more than one man.In Islam, limited polygyny is permitted whereas polyandry is completely prohibited. nowadays coming to the original question, why is a man allowed to have more than one wife? 2. The Quran is the only religious scripture in the world that says, marry only one. The Quran is the only religious book, on the vitrine o f this earth, that contains the forge marry only one. There is no other religious book that instructs men to have only one wife. In none of the other religious scriptures, whether it be the Vedas, the Ramayan, the Mahabharat, the Geeta, the Talmud or the Bible does one find a breastwork on the number of wives. jibe to these scriptures one stern marry as many as one covetinges. It was only later, that the Hindoo priests and the Christian Church restricted the number of wives to one. more Hindu religious somewhatbodyalities, according to their scriptures, had multiple wives. King Dashrat, the father of Rama, had more than one wife. Krishna had some(prenominal) wives. In earlier sequences, Christian men were permitted as many wives as they lacked, since the Bible vexs no restriction on the number of wives. It was only a few centuries ago that the Church restricted the number of wives to one.Polygyny is permitted in Judaism. check to Talmudic law, Abraham had three wives, and Solomon had hundreds of wives. The practice of polygyny continued till Rabbi Gershom ben Yehudah (960 C. E to 1030 C. E) issued an edict against it. The Judaic Sephardic communities living in Muslim countries continued the practice till as late as 1950, until an doing of the Chief Rabbinate of Israel extended the ban on marrying more than one wife. (*Interesting Note- As per the 1975 census of India Hindus are more polygynous than Muslims.The traverse of the Committee of The Status of Woman in Islam, published in 1975 mentions on page numbers 66 and 67 that the percentage of polygamous marriages between the old age 1951 and 1961 4 * For more Queries see email& one hundred sixtyprotected net ISLAMIC look FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS intimately ISLAM Authored by Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik was 5. 06% among the Hindus and only 4. 31% among the Muslims. According to Indian law only Muslim men are permitted to hav e more than one wife. It is illegal for any non-Muslim in India to have more than one wife. Despite it eing illegal, Hindus have more multiple wives as compared to Muslims. Earlier, on that point was no restriction however on Hindu men with respect to the number of wives allowed. It was only in 1954, when the Hindu Marriage Act was passed that it became illegal for a Hindu to have more than one wife. At present it is the Indian Law that restricts a Hindu man from having more than one wife and not the Hindu scriptures. ) permit us now analyse why Islam allows a man to have more than one wife. 3. Quran permits limited polygyny As I mentioned earlier, Quran is the only religious book on the breast of the earth that says marry only one.The context of this phrase is the succeeding(a) verse from Surah Nisa of the Glorious Quran Marry women of your choice, two, or three, or iv but if ye fear that ye shall not be able to deal aright (with them), then only one. Al-Quran 43 onwards t he Quran was revealed, there was no hurrying limit for polygyny and many men had scores of wives, some even hundreds. Islam put an upper limit of four wives. Islam croaks a man permission to marry two, three or four women, only on the condition that he deals justly with them. In the same chapter i. e.Surah Nisa verse 129 says Ye are never able to be fair and just as between women. Al-Quran 4129 accordingly polygyny is not a rule but an exception. Many people are chthonic the misconception that it is compulsory for a Muslim man to have more than one wife. Broadly, Islam has five categories of Dos and Donts (i) Fard i. e. compulsory or indispensable (ii) Mustahab i. e. recommended or encouraged (iii) Mubah i. e. permissible or allowed (iv) Makruh i. e. not recommended or discouraged (v) Haraam i. e. prohibited or forbidden Polygyny falls in the c throw in(a) category of things that are permissible.It keisternot be said that a Muslim who has two, three or four wives is a let o n Muslim as compared to a Muslim who has only one wife. 5 * For more Queries concern email&clxprotected net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 4. Average life get all over of females is more than that of males By nature males and females are born in just about the same ratio. A female child has more immunity than a male child. A female child can fight the germs and diseases better than the male child.For this reason, during the pediatric age itself there are more expirys among males as compared to the females. During wars, there are more men killed as compared to women. More men die cod to accidents and diseases than women. The fairish life span of females is more than that of males, and at any given time one finds more widows in the world than widowers. 5. India has more male population than female due to female foeticide and infanticide India is one of the few countries, along with the other neighbouring countries, in which the female population is less than the male population.The reason lies in the high rate of female infanticide in India, and the point that more than one jillion female foetuses are aborted e real year in this coun approximate, after they are identify as females. If this atrocious practice is stopped, then India too impart have more females as compared to males. 6. World female population is more than male population In the USA, women outnumber men by 7. 8 billion. brisk York alone has one million more females as compared to the number of males, and of the male population of New York one-third are gays i. e sodomites. The U. S. A as a all has more than twenty-five million gays.This means that these people do not wish to marry women. Great Britain has four million more females as compared to males. Germany has five million more females as compared to males. Russia has nine million more females than ma les. god alone knows how many million more females there are in the whole world as compared to males. 7. Restricting each and all(prenominal) man to have only one wife is not concrete Even if all man got married to one woman, there would passive be more than thirty million females in U. S. A who would not be able to get conserves (considering that the States has twenty five million gays).There would be more than four million females in Great Britain, 5 million females in Germany and nine million females in Russia alone who would not be able to find a husband. Suppose my child happens to be one of the unmarried women living in USA, or suppose your sister happens to be one of the unmarried women in USA. The only two options rest for her are that she either marries a man who already has a wife or becomes public property. There is no other option. All those who are modest pull up stakes opt for the first. 6 * For more Queries contact email&160protected net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOU NDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. rf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik Most women would nto like to fate their husband with other women. But in Islam when the situation deems it really neccessary Muslim women in due faith could bear a small individualal loss to prevent a greater loss of letting other Muslim sisters becoming public properties. 8. Marring a married man desirable to becoming public property In Western parliamentary procedure, it is common for a man to have mistresses and/or multiple extra-marital affairs, in which case, the woman leads a disgraceful, open life.The same society, however, cannot accept a man having more than one wife, in which women retain their honourable, dignified position in society and lead a protected life. Thus the only two options onward a woman who cannot find a husband is to marry a married man or to become public property. Islam prefers giving women the honourable posi tion by permitting the first option and disallowing the second. There are several other reasons, why Islam has permitted limited polygyny, but it is mainly to protect the stockpile of women. 2. POLYANDRY QuestionIf a man is allowed to have more than one wife, then why does Islam prohibit a woman from having more than one husband? Answer A lot of people, including some Muslims, question the logic of allowing Muslim men to have more than one spouse musical composition denying the same right to women. Let me first state emphatically, that the foundation of an Muslim society is justice and equity. Allah has created men and women as equal, but with different capabilities and different responsibilities. Men and women are different, physiologically and psychologically. Their roles and responsibilities are different.Men and women are equal in Islam, but not identical. Surah Nisa Chapter 4 verses 22 to 24 gives the list of women with whom Muslim men can not marry. It is further mentioned i n Surah Nisa Chapter 4 verse 24 Also (prohibited are) women already married 7 * For more Queries contact email&160protected net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik The pursuance points enumerate the reasons why polyandry is prohibited in Islam 1.If a man has more than one wife, the parents of the children born of such marriages can easily be identified. The father as well as the vex can easily be identified. In case of a woman marrying more than one husband, only the grow of the children born of such marriages pull up stakes be identified and not the father. Islam gives tremendous importance to the identification of two parents, bring forth and father. Psychologists tell us that children who do not know their parents, specially their father undergo severe mental trauma and disturbances. Often they have an unhappy childhood.It is for this reason that th e children of prostitutes do not have a flushed childhood. If a child born of such wedlock is admitted in school, and when the develop is asked the name of the father, she would have to give two or more names I am aware that recent advances in science have made it practicable for twain(prenominal) the mother and father to be identified with the help of genetic testing. Thus this point which was applicable for the past may not be applicable for the present. 2. Man is more polygamous by nature as compared to a woman. 3. Biologically, it is easier for a man to perform his duties as a husband despite having several wives.A woman, in a corresponding position, having several husbands, will not find it possible to perform her duties as a wife. A woman undergoes several psychological and behavioral changes due to different phases of the menstrual cycle. 4. A woman who has more than one husband will have several sexual partners at the same time and has a high chance of acquiring vener eal or sexually transmitted diseases which can to a fault be transmitted back to her husband even if all of them have no extra-marital sex. This is not the case in a man having more than one wife, and none of them having extra-marital sex. The preceding(prenominal) reasons are those that one can easily identify.There are probably many more reasons why Allah, in His Infinite Wisdom, has prohibited polyandry. 8 * For more Queries contact email&160protected net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 3. HIJAB FOR WOMEN Question why does Islam degrade women by keeping them behind the veil? Answer The stance of women in Islam is much the target of attacks in the secular media. The hijab or the Islamic dress is cited by many as an fount of the subjugation of women under Islamic law.Before we analyze the reasoning behind the religiously mandated hijab, let us first study the status of women in societies before the advent of Islam 1. In the past women were degraded and employ as objects of lust The following examples from record amply illustrate the incident that the status of women in earlier civilizations was very low to the extent that they were denied basic clement dignity a. Babylonian nuance The women were degraded and were denied all rights under the Babylonian law. If a man dispatch a woman, instead of him be punished, his wife was put to death. b. Grecian Civilization Greek Civilization is considered the most glorious of all ancient civilizations. Under this very glorious system, women were deprived of all rights and were looked down upon. In Greek mythology, an fanciful woman called Pandora is the root cause of misfortune of compassionate creations. The Greeks considered women to be infra gay and inferior to men. Though chastity of women was precious, and women were held in high esteem, the Greeks were later overwhelmed b y ego and sexual perversions. Prostitution became a regular practice amongst all classes of Greek society. c.Roman Civilization When Roman Civilization was at the zenith of its glory, a man even had the right to take the life of his wife. Prostitution and nudity were common amongst the Romans. d. Egyptian Civilization The Egyptian considered women evil and as a sign of a devil. e. Pre-Islamic Arabia Before Islam spread in Arabia, the Arabs looked down upon women and very often when a female child was born, she was buried alive. 9 * For more Queries contact email&160protected net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik . Islam shake women and gave them equality and expects them to maintain their status. Islam uplifted the status of women and granted them their just rights 1400 years ago. Islam expects women to maintain their status. Hijab for men People usually only discuss hijab in the context of women. However, in the Glorious Quran, Allah (swt) first mentions hijab for men before hijab for the women. The Quran mentions in Surah Noor Say to the believing men that they should get their gaze and sentry go their modesty that will make for greater purity for them and Allah is well acquainted with all that they do. Al-Quran 2430 The moment a man looks at a woman and if any brazen or unashamed thought comes to his mind, he should lower his gaze. Hijab for women. The next verse of Surah Noor, says And say to the believing women that they should lower their gaze and guard their modesty that they should not display their beauty and ornaments except what (must ordinarily) appear so that they should draw veils over their bosoms and not display their beauty except to their husbands, their fathers, their husbands fathers, their sons Al-Quran 2431 3. Six criteria for Hijab.According to Quran and Sunnah there are basically six criteria for sight hijab 1. Extent The first criterion is the extent of the body that should be stretched. This is different for men and women. The extent of covering obligatory on the male is to cover the body at least from the navel to the knees. For women, the extent of covering obligatory is to cover the complete body except the face and the workforce upto the wrist. If they wish to, they can cover even these parts of the body. Some scholars of Islam insist that the face and the hands are part of the obligatory extent of hijab.All the remaining five criteria are the same for men and women. 10 * For more Queries contact email&160protected net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 2. The raiment worn should be loose and should not reveal the figure. 3. The fit out worn should not be transparent such that one can see through them. 4. The robes worn should not be so glamorou s as to curl up the opposite sex. 5. The clothes worn should not resemble that of the opposite sex. 6. The clothes worn should not resemble that of the unbelievers i. . they should not wear clothes that are specifically identities or symbols of the unbelievers religions. 4. Hijab includes conduct and behaviour among other things Complete hijab, similarly the six criteria of clothing, also includes the moral conduct, behaviour, attitude and intention of the individual. A person only fulfilling the criteria of hijab of the clothes is observing hijab in a limited sense. Hijab of the clothes should be go with by hijab of the eyes, hijab of the heart, hijab of thought and hijab of intention. It also includes the way a person walks, the way a person talks, the way he behaves, etc. . Hijab prevents molestation The reason why Hijab is positive for women is mentioned in the Quran in the following verses of Surah Al-Ahzab O illusionist Tell thy wives and daughters, and the believing wome n that they should cast their outer garments over their persons (when abroad) that is most convenient, that they should be known (as such) and not molested. And Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. Al-Quran 3359 The Quran says that Hijab has been prescribed for the women so that they are recognized as modest women and this will also prevent them from being molested. . Example of twin sisters Suppose two sisters who are twins, and who are equally beautiful, walk down the street. wiz of them is attired in the Islamic hijab i. e. the complete body is covered, except for the face and the hands up to the wrists. The other sister is wearing western clothes, a mini anchor ring or shorts. Just around the corner there is a goon or ruffian who is waiting for a catch, to tease a misfire. Whom will he tease? The girl wearing the Islamic Hijab or the girl wearing the skirt or the mini? Naturally he will tease the girl wearing the skirt or the mini.Such dresses are an indirect invitation to the opposite sex for teasing and molestation. The Quran rightly says that hijab prevents women from being molested. 11 * For more Queries contact email&160protected net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 7. jacket letter penalization for the rapists Under the Islamic shariah, a man convicted of having raped a woman, is given capital punishment. Many are astonished at this jolting sentence. Some even say that Islam is a ruthless, barbaric religionI have asked a simple question to hundreds of non-Muslim men. Suppose, God forbid, individual rapes your wife, your mother or your sister. You are made the judge and the rapist is brought in front of you. What punishment would you give him? All of them said they would put him to death. Some went to the extent of saying they would torture him to death. To them I ask, if someone rapes your wife or your mother y ou want to put him to death. But if the same criminal offence is committed on somebody elses wife or daughter you say capital punishment is barbaric. Why should there be double standards? 8.Western society falsely claims to have uplifted women Western talk of womens liberalization is postcode but a disguised form of exploitation of her body, degradation of her soul, and need of her honour. Western society claims to have uplifted women. On the contrary it has actually degraded them to the status of concubines, mistresses and society butterflies who are mere tools in the hands of pleasure seekers and sex marketeers, hidden behind the colourful screen of art and culture. 9. USA has one of the highest rates of rape United States of the States is supposed to be one of the most advanced countries of the world.It also has one of the highest rates of rape in any country in the world. According to a FBI report, in the year 1990, every day on an average 1756 cases of rape were committed i n U. S. A alone. Later another report said that on an average everyday 1900 cases of rapes are committed in USA. The year was not mentioned. May be it was 1992 or 1993. May be the Americans got bolder in the following years. Consider a scenario where the Islamic hijab is followed in America. Whenever a man looks at a woman and any brazen or unashamed thought comes to his mind, he lowers his gaze.Every woman wears the Islamic hijab, that is the complete body is covered except the face and the hands upto the wrist. After this if any man commits rape he is given capital punishment. I ask you, in such a scenario, will the rate of rape in America increase, will it remain the same, or will it decrease? 10. Implementation of Islamic Shariah will reduce the rate of rapes Naturally as before long as Islamic Shariah is implemented positive results will be inevitable. If Islamic Shariah is implemented in any part of the world, whether it is America or Europe, society will breathe easier.Hijab does not degrade a woman but uplifts a woman and protects her modesty and chastity. 12 * For more Queries contact email&160protected net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 4. WAS ISLAM air BY THE SWORD? Question How can Islam be called the religion of public security when it was spread by the make? Answer It is a common unhealthiness among some non-Muslims that Islam would not have millions of adherents all over the world, if it had not been spread by the use of force.The following points will make it clear, that far from being spread by the s word, it was the inherent force of truth, reason and logic that was creditworthy for the rapid spread of Islam. 1. Islam means slumber. Islam comes from the root word salaam, which means peace. It also means submitting ones will to Allah (swt). Thus Islam is a religion of peace, which is acquired by submitting o nes will to the will of the supreme Creator, Allah (swt). 2. Sometimes force has to be apply to maintain peace. Each and every homosexual being in this world is not in spare of maintaining peace and ravishony.There are many, who would disrupt it for their own vested interests. Sometimes force has to be used to maintain peace. It is precisely for this reason that we have the police who use force against criminals and antisocial elements to maintain peace in the country. Islam get ups peace. At the same time, Islam exhorts it followers to fight where there is oppression. The fight against oppression may, at times, require the use of force. In Islam force can only be used to promote peace and justice. 3. Opinion of historian De Lacy OLeary.The best reply to the misconception that Islam was spread by the sword is given by the state historian De Lacy OLeary in the book Islam at the puzzle road (Page 8) History makes it clear however, that the legend of fanatical Muslims sweeping through the world and forcing Islam at the point of the sword upon conquered races is one of the most fantastically absurd myth that historians have ever repeated. 4. Muslims ruled S wound for 800 years. Muslims ruled S pang for about 800 years. The Muslims in Spain never used the sword to force the people to convert.Later the Christian Crusaders came to Spain and wiped out the Muslims. There was not a single Muslim in Spain who could openly give the adhan, that is the call for prayers. 13 * For more Queries contact email&160protected net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 5. 14 million Arabs are Coptic Christians. Muslims were the lords of Arabia for 1400 years. For a few years the British ruled, and for a few years the French ruled. Overall, the Muslims ruled Arabia for 1400 years.Yet today, there are 14 million Arabs who are Coptic Christians i. e. Chris tians since generations. If the Muslims had used the sword there would not have been a single Arab who would have remained a Christian. 6. More than 80% non-Muslims in India. The Muslims ruled India for about a thousand years. If they wanted, they had the power of converting each and every non-Muslim of India to Islam. at present more than 80% of the population of India are non-Muslims. All these nonMuslim Indians are bearing witness today that Islam was not spread by the sword. 7. Indonesia and Malaysia.Indonesia is a country that has the maximum number of Muslims in the world. The majority of people in Malaysia are Muslims. May one ask, Which Muslim army went to Indonesia and Malaysia? 8. East lantern slide of Africa. similarly, Islam has spread rapidly on the East rim of Africa. One may again ask, if Islam was spread by the sword, Which Muslim army went to the East Coast of Africa? 9. Thomas Carlyle. The famous historian, Thomas Carlyle, in his book Heroes and Hero moralit y, refers to this misconception about the spread of Islam The sword indeed, but where will you get your sword?Every new opinion, at its starting is precisely in a minority of one. In one mans head alone. There it dwells as yet. One man alone of the whole world believes it, there is one man against all men. That he takes a sword and try to propagate with that, will do little for him. You must get your sword On the whole, a thing will propagate itself as it can. 10. No compulsion in religion. With which sword was Islam spread? Even if Muslims had it they could not use it to spread Islam because the Quran says in the following verse Let there be no compulsion in religion Truth stands out clear from error Al-Quran 2256 4 * For more Queries contact email&160protected net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 11. Sword of the Intellect. It is the sword of intellect. The sword that conquers the police wagon and minds of people. The Quran says in Surah Nahl, chapter 16 verse 125 Invite (all) to the way of thy Lord with wisdom and beautiful preaching and argue with them in ways that are best and most gracious. Al-Quran 16125 12. Increase in the world religions from 1934 to 1984.An word in Readers Digest Almanac, year book 1986, gave the statistics of the increase of percentage of the major religions of the world in half a century from 1934 to 1984. This article also appeared in The Plain Truth magazine. At the top was Islam, which increased by 235%, and Christianity had increased only by 47%. May one ask, which war took place in this century which reborn millions of people to Islam? 13. Islam is the fastest development religion in America and Europe. Today the fastest growing religion in America is Islam. The fastest growing religion in Europe in Islam.Which sword is forcing people in the West to accept Islam in such large numbers? 14. Dr. Jo seph transport Pearson. Dr. Joseph Adam Pearson rightly says, People who worry that nuclear weaponry will one day fall in the hands of the Arabs, fail to realize that the Islamic bomb has been dropped already, it fell the day MUHAMMED (pbuh) was born. 5. MUSLIMS ARE FUNDAMENTALISTS AND TERRORISTS Question Why are most of the Muslims fundamentalistics and terrorists? Answer This question is often hurled at Muslims, either directly or indirectly, during any discussion on religion or world affairs.Muslim stereotypes are perpetuated in every form of the media accompanied by gross misinformation about Islam and Muslims. In accompaniment, such misinformation and false propaganda often leads to discrimination and acts of violence against Muslims. A case in point is the anti-Muslim try in the American media following the Oklahoma bomb blast, where the press was expeditious to declare a Middle Eastern conspiracy behind the attack. The culprit was later identified as a soldier from the American arm Forces. 15 * For more Queries contact email&160protected net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. rf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik Let us analyze this allegation of fundamentalism and terrorism 1. Definition of the word fundamentalist A fundamentalist is a person who follows and adheres to the bedrock of the doctrine or theory he is following. For a person to be a erect doctor, he should know, follow, and get along the bedrock of medicine. In other words, he should be a fundamentalist in the ambit of medicine. For a person to be a good mathematician, he should know, follow and get along the fundamentals of mathematics.He should be a fundamentalist in the field of mathematics. For a person to be a good scientist, he should know, follow and practise the fundamentals of science. He should be a fundamentalist in the field of science. 2. Not all fundamentalists are the same One c annot paint all fundamentalists with the same brush. One cannot categorize all fundamentalists as either good or perverting. Such a categorization of any fundamentalist will depend upon the field or activity in which he is a fundamentalist. A fundamentalist bandit or thief causes harm to society and is therefore undesirable.A fundamentalist doctor, on the other hand, benefits society and earns much respect. 3. I am proud to be a Muslim funda-mentalist I am a fundamentalist Muslim who, by the grace of Allah, knows, follows and strives to practise the fundamentals of Islam. A true Muslim does not shy away from being a fundamentalist. I am proud to be a fundamentalist Muslim because, I know that the fundamentals of Islam are beneficial to liberality and the whole world. There is not a single fundamental of Islam that causes harm or is against the interests of the human race as a whole.Many people lactate misconceptions about Islam and consider several teachings of Islam to be unfai r or improper. This is due to insufficient and incorrect knowledge of Islam. If one critically analyzes the teachings of Islam with an open mind, one cannot escape the particular that Islam is affluent of benefits some(prenominal) at the individual and corporate levels. 4. Dictionary meaning of the word fundamentalist According to Websters lexicon fundamentalism was a movement in American Protestanism that arose in the earlier part of the 20th century.It was a reaction to modernism, and stressed the infallibility of the Bible, not only in matters of faith and morals but also as a veridical historical record. It stressed on belief in the Bible as the literal word of God. Thus fundamentalism was a word initially used for a group of Christians who believed that the Bible was the verbatim word of God without any errors and mistakes. According to the Oxford dictionary fundamentalism means strict maintenance of ancient or fundamental doctrines of any religion, especially Islam. Toda y the moment a person uses the word fundamentalist he thinks of a Muslim who is a terrorist. 6 * For more Queries contact email&160protected net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 5. Every Muslim should be a terrorist Every Muslim should be a terrorist. A terrorist is a person who causes terror. The moment a robber sees a policeman he is terrified. A policeman is a terrorist for the robber. similarly every Muslim should be a terrorist for the antisocial elements of society, such as thieves, dacoits and rapists. Whenever such an anti-social element sees a Muslim, he should be terrified.It is true that the word terrorist is generally used for a person who causes terror among the common people. But a true Muslim should only be a terrorist to discriminating people i. e. antisocial elements, and not to the common straightforward people. In fact a Muslim should be a source of peace for innocent people. 6. Different labels given to the same individual for the same action, i. e. terrorist and patriot Before India achieved independence from British rule, some granting immunity fighters of India who did not subscribe to non-violence were tagged as terrorists by the British government.The same individuals have been lauded by Indians for the same activities and hailed as patriots. Thus two different labels have been given to the same people for the same set of actions. One is calling him a terrorist while the other is calling him a patriot. Those who believed that Britain had a right to rule over India called these people terrorists, while those who were of the view that Britain had no right to rule India called them patriots and freedom fighters. It is therefore important that before a person is judged, he is given a fair hearing.Both sides of the argument should be heard, the situation should be analyzed, and the reason and the intention of the person should be taken into account, and then the person can be judged accordingly. 7. Islam means peace Islam is pull ind from the word salaam which means peace. It is a religion of peace whose fundamentals teach its followers to maintain and promote peace throughout the world. Thus every Muslim should be a fundamentalist i. e. he should follow the fundamentals of the Religion of Peace Islam.He should be a terrorist only towards the antisocial elements in order to promote peace and justice in the society. 17 * For more Queries contact email&160protected net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 6. EATING NON-VEGETARIAN food Question cleanup spot an savage is a ruthless act. Why then do Muslims guttle nonvegetarian food? Answer Vegetarianism is now a movement the world over. Many even associate it with animal rights.Indeed, a large number of people co nsider the consumption of marrow squash and other non-vegetarian products to be a rapine of animal rights. Islam enjoins mercy and compassion for all living creatures. At the same time Islam maintains that Allah has created the earth and its wondrous flora and fauna for the benefit of military personnel. It is upto mankind to use every resource in this world judiciously, as a niyamat (Divine blessing) and amanat (trust) from Allah. Let us look at various other aspects of this argument. 1. A Muslim can be a pure vegetarianA Muslim can be a very good Muslim despite being a pure vegetarian. It is not compulsory for a Muslim to have non-vegetarian food. 2. Quran permits Muslims to have non-vegetarian food The Quran, however permits a Muslim to have non-vegetarian food. The following Quranic verses are proof of this fact O ye who believe Fulfil (all) obligations. logical unto you (for food) are all four-footed animals with the exceptions named. Al-Quran 51 And cattle He has created for you (men) from them Ye derive warmth, and numerous benefits, And of their ( warmheartedness) ye eat. Al-Quran 165 And in cattle (too) ye have an instructive example From within their bodies We produce (milk) for you to drink there are, in them, (besides), numerous (other) benefits for you and of their (meat) ye eat. Al-Quran 2321 3. Meat is nutritious and rich in complete protein Non-vegetarian food is a good source of excellent protein. It contains biologically complete protein i. e. all the 8 essential amino acid that are not synthesized by the body and should be supplied in the diet. Meat also contains iron, vitamin B1 and niacin. 18 * For more Queries contact email&160protected netISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 4. Humans have Omnivorous set of dentition If you look on the teeth of herbivorous animals like the cow, goat and sheep, you will fin d something strikingly similar in all of them. All these animals have a set of flat teeth i. e. suited for herbivorous diet. If you observe the set of teeth of the carnivorous animals like the lion, tiger, or leopard, they all have a set of pointed teeth i. e. suited for a carnivorous diet.If you analyze the set of teeth of humans, you find that they have flat teeth as well as pointed teeth. Thus they have teeth suited for both herbivorous as well as carnivorous food i. e. they are omnivorous. One may ask, if Almighty God wanted humans to have only vegetables, why did He provide us also with pointed teeth? It is logical that He expected us to need and to have both vegetarian as well as non-vegetarian food. 5. Human beings can centralise both vege-tarian and non-vegetarian food The digestive system of herbivorous animals can digest only vegetables. The digestive system of carnivorous animals can digest only meat.But the digestive system of humans can digest both vegetarian and non-v egetarian food. If Almighty God wanted us to have only vegetables then why did He give us a digestive system that can digest both vegetarian as well as non-vegetarian food? 6. Hindu scriptures give permission to have non-vegetarian food a. There are many Hindus who are strictly vegetarian. They think it is against their religion to consume non-vegetarian food. But the true fact is that the Hindu scriptures permit a person to have meat. The scriptures mention Hindu sages and saints consuming non-vegetarian food. b.It is mentioned in Manu Smruti, the law book of Hindus, in chapter 5 verse 30 The eater who eats the flesh of those to be eaten does nothing bad, even if he does it day after day, for God himself created some to be eaten and some to be eater. c. Again next verse of Manu Smruti, that is, chapter 5 verse 31 says Eating meat is right for the throw, this is traditionally known as a rule of the gods. d. Further in Manu Smruti chapter 5 verse 39 and 40 says God himself created sacrificial animals for sacrifice, , therefore killing in a sacrifice is not killing. 19 * For more Queries contact email&160protected et ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik e. Mahabharata Anushashan Parva chapter 88 narrates the discussion between Dharmaraj Yudhishthira and Pitamah Bhishma about what food one should offer to Pitris (ancestors) during the Shraddha (ceremony of dead) to keep them satisfied. Paragraph reads as follows Yudhishthira said, O thou of great puissance, tell me what that object is which, if dedicated to the Pitiris (dead ancestors), become inexhaustibleWhat Havi, again, (if offered) lasts for all time? What, indeed, is that which (if presented) becomes eternal? Bhishma said, Listen to me, O Yudhishthira, what those Havis are which persons conversant with the rituals of the Shraddha (the ceremony of dead) regard as suitable in view of Shraddha and what the fruits are that attach to each. With sesame seeds and rice and barely and Masha and water and roots and fruits, if given at Shraddhas, the pitris, O king, remain gratify for the period of a month. With fishes offered at Shraddhas, the pitris remain gratified for a period of two months.With the mutton they remain gratified for three months and with the hare for four months, with the flesh of the goat for five months, with the bacon (meat of pig) for six months, and with the flesh of birds for seven. With venison obtained from those deer that are called Prishata, they remaingratified for eight months, and with that obtained from the Ruru for nine months, and with the meat of Gavaya for ten months, With the meat of the bufffalo their gratification lasts for eleven months. With beef presented at the Shraddha, their gratification, it is said , lasts for a full year.Payasa mixed with ghee is as much acceptable to the pitris as beef. With the meat of Vadhrinasa (a large bull) the gratification of pitris lasts for twelve years. the flesh of rhinoceros, offered to the pitris on anniversaries of the lunar days on which they died, becomes inexhaustible. The potherb called Kalaska, the petals of kanchana flower, and meat of (red) goat also, thus offered, render inexhaustible. So but vivid if you want to keep your ancestors satisfied forever, you should serve them the meat of red goat. 7. Hinduism was influenced by other religionsThough Hindu Scriptures permit its followers to have non-vegetarian food, many Hindus adoptive the vegetarian system because they were influenced by other religions like Jainism. 8. Even plants have life veritable religions have adopted pure vegetarianism as a dietetical law because they are totally against the killing of living creatures. If a person can survive without killing any living creature, I would be the first person to adopt such a way of life. In the past people thought plants were lifeless. Today it is a universal fact that even plants have life.Thus their logic of not killing living creatures is not fulfilled even by being a pure vegetarian. 20 * For more Queries contact email&160protected net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 9. Even plants can feel pain They further argue that plants cannot feel pain, therefore killing a plant is a lesser criminal offense as compared to killing an animal. Today science tells us that even plants can feel pain. But the cry of the plant cannot be heard by the human being.This is due to the inability of the human ear to hear sounds that are not in the audible range i. e. 20 Hertz to 20,000 Hertz. Anything on a lower floor and above this range cannot be heard by a human being. A dog can hear up to 40,000 Hertz. Thus there are silent dog whistles that have a frequency of more than 20,000 Hertz and less than 40,000 Hertz. Th ese whistles are only heard by dogs and not by human beings. The dog recognizes the masters whistle and comes to the master. There was research done by a farmer in U. S. A. who invented an instrument which reborn the cry of the plant so that it could be heard by human beings.He was able to realize immediately when the plant itself cried for water. Latest researches show that the plants can even feel happy and sad. It can also cry. 10. Killing a living creature with two senses less is not a lesser crime Once a vegetarian argued his case by saying that plants only have two or three senses while the animals have five senses. Therefore killing a plant is a lesser crime than killing an animal. Suppose your brother is born deaf and dumb and has two senses less as compared to other human beings. He becomes mature and someone murders him.Would you ask the judge to give the murderer a lesser punishment because your brother has two senses less? In fact you would say that he has killed a maso om, an innocent person, and the judge should give the murderer a greater punishment. In fact the Quran says O ye people Eat of what is on earth, legitimate and good Al-Quran 2168 11. Over population of cattle If every human being was a vegetarian, it would lead to overpopulation of cattle in the world, since their reproduction and generation is very swift. Allah (swt) in His Divine Wisdom knows how to maintain the balance of His intromission appropriately.No wonder He has permitted us to have the meat of the cattle. 12. Cost of meat is reasonable since all arent non-vegetarians I do not mind if some people are pure vegetarians. However they should not convict non-vegetarians as ruthless. In fact if all Indians become nonvegetarians then the present non-vegetarians would be losers since the prices of meat would rise. 21 * For more Queries contact email&160protected net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS A BOUT ISLAM Authored by Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 7.ISLAMIC METHOD OF SLAUGHTERING ANIMALS APPEARS RUTHLESS Question Why do Muslims slaughter the animal in a ruthless manner by torturing it and slowly and painfully killing it? Answer The Islamic method of slaughtering animals, known as Zabiha has been the object of much criticism from a large number of people. One may consider the following points, which prove that the Zabiha method is not only humane but also scientifically the best 1. Islamic method of slaughtering animal Zakkaytum is a verb derived from the root word Zakah (to purify). Its infinitive is Tazkiyah which means purification.The Islamic mode of slaughtering an animal requires the following conditions to be met a. brute should be slaughtered with astutely object (knife) The animal has to be slaughtered with a sharp object (knife) and in a fast way so that the pain of slaughter is minimised. b. Cut wind pipe, throat and vessels of neck Zabiha is an Arabic word which m eans slaughtered. The slaughtering is to be done by unsanded the throat, windpipe and the line of credit vessels in the neck causing the animals death without cutting the spinal cord. c. Blood should be stagnant The blood has to be drained completely before the head is removed.The purpose is to drain out most of the blood which would serve as a good culture medium for micro organisms. The spinal cord must not be cut because the nerve fibres to the heart could be damaged during the process causing cardiac arrest, stagnating the blood in the blood vessels. 2. Blood is a good medium for germs and bacteria Blood is a good media of germs, bacteria, toxins, etc. Therefore the Muslim way of slaughtering is more hygienic as most of the blood containing germs, bacteria, toxins, etc. that are the cause of several diseases are eliminated. 3. Meat remains wise for a longer timeMeat slaughtered by Islamic way remains clear for a longer time due to deficiency of blood in the meat as compared to other methods of slaughtering. 4. Animal does not feel pain The swift cutting of vessels of the neck disconnects the flow of blood to the nerve of the head responsible for pain. Thus the animal does not feel pain. While dying, the animal struggles, writhers, shakes and kicks, not due to pain, but due to the contraction and relaxation of the muscles defecient in blood and due to the flow of blood out of the body. 22 * For more Queries contact email&160protected net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. rf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 8. NON-VEGETARIAN FOOD MAKES MUSLIMS VIOLENT Question Science tell us that whatever one eats, it has an effect on ones behaviour. Why then, does Islam allow Muslims to eat non-vegetarian food, since eating of animals could make a person violent and ferocious? Answer 1. Only eating of herbivorous animals allowed I agree that, what a person eats has an effect on his behaviour. This is one of the reasons why Islam prohibits the eating of carnivorous animals like lion, tiger, leopard, etc. who are violent and ferocious.The consumption of the meat of such animals would probably make a person violent and ferocious. Islam only allows the eating of herbivorous animals like cow, goat, sheep, etc. that are unaggressive and docile. Muslims eat peaceful and docile animals because Muslims are peace loving and non-violent people. 2. The Quran says prophesier prohibits what is bad The Quran says The illusionist commands them what is just and prohibits what is evil. He allows them as lawful what is good (and pure) and prohibits them what is bad (and impure), Al-Quran 7 157 So take what the Messenger assigns to you and deny yourselves that which he withholds from you. Al-Quran 59 7 For a Muslim, the Prophets statement is sufficient to convince him that Allah does not wish humans to eat some kinds of meat while allowing some other kinds. 3. Hadith of M ohammad (pbuh) prohibi-ting eating of carnivorous animals According to various true Ahadith narrated in Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim including hadith narrated by Ibn Abbas in Sahih Muslim, Book of pursuit and slaughter, Hadith No. 4752 and Sunan Ibn-I-Majah chapter 13 Hadith no. 3232 to 3234, the Holy Prophet (pbuh) prohibited the eating of (i) Wild animals with canine teeth, i. e. meat eating carnivorous animals.These are animals belonging to the cat families such as lion, tiger, cats, dogs, wolfs, hyenas, etc. (ii) Certain rodents like mice, rats, rabbits with claws, etc. (iii) Certain reptiles like snakes, alligators, etc. (iv) Birds of prey with talons or claws, like vultures, eagle, crows, owl, etc. There is no scientific evidence that proves beyond doubt that eating nonvegetarian food makes one violent. 23 * For more Queries contact email&160protected net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT IS LAM Authored by Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 9.MUSLIMS WORSHIP THE KAABA Question When Islam is against idol worship why do the Muslims worship, and bow down to the Kaaba in their prayer? Answer Kaaba is the Qibla i. e. the direction Muslims face during their prayers. It is important to note that though Muslims face the Kaaba during prayers, they do not worship the Kaaba. Muslims worship and bow to none but Allah. It is mentioned in Surah Baqarah We see the turning of thy face (for guidance) to the heavens now shall We turn thee to a Qiblah that shall please thee. Turn then thy face in the direction of the Sacred Mosque wherever ye are, turn your faces in that direction. Al-Quran 2144 1. Islam believes in fostering unity For instance, if Muslims want to offer Salaah (Prayer), it is possible that some may wish to face north, while some may wish to face due south. In order to unite Muslims in their worship of the One True God, Muslims, wherever they may be, are asked to face in only on e direction i. e. towards the Kaaba. If some Muslims live towards the west of the Kaaba they face the east. in like manner if they live towards the east of the Kaaba they face the west. 2. Kaaba is at the Centre of the World stage The Muslims were the first people to draw the correspond of the world.They drew the map with the south facing upwards and north downwards. The Kaaba was at the centre. Later, western cartographers drew the map upside down with the north facing upwards and south downwards. Yet, Alhamdullilah the Kaaba is at the centre of the world map. 3. Tawaf around Kaaba for indicating one God When the Muslims go to Masjid-e-Haram in Makkah, they perform tawaf or circumambulation round the Kaaba. This act symbolizes the belief and worship of One God, since, just as every circle has one centre, so also there is only one Allah (swt) worthy of worship. 4. Hadith of Umar (may Allah be blithe with him)Regarding the black stone, hajr-e-aswad, there is a hadith (tradition), attributed to the illustrious companion of the Prophet Muhammed (pbuh), Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). According to Sahih Bukhari, Volume 2, book of Hajj, chapter 56, H. No. 675. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said, I know that you are a stone and can neither benefit nor harm. Had I not seen the Prophet (pbuh) touching (and kissing) you, I would never have touched (and kissed) you. 5. People stood on Kaaba and gave the adhaan At the time of the Prophet, people even stood on the Kaaba and gave the adhaan or the call to prayer.One may ask those who allege that Muslims worship the Kaaba which idol worshipper stands on the idol he worships? 24 * For more Queries contact email&160protected net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 10. NON-MUSLIMS NOT ALLOWED IN MAKKAH Question Why are non-Muslims not allowed in the Holy cities of Makkah and Madinah? An swer It is true that non-Muslims are not allowed in the holy cities of Makkah and Madinah, by law.The following points will serve to elucidate the possible reasoning behind such a restriction. 1. All citizens are not permitted in the cantonment area I am a citizen of India. Yet, I am not permitted to enter certain restricted areas like the cantonment. In every country there are certain areas where a common citizen of that country cannot enter. Only a citizen who is enrolled in the military or those who are connected with the defence of the country are allowed in the cantonment area. Similarly Islam is a Universal Religion for the entire world and for all human beings.The cantonment areas of Islam are the two holy cites of Makkah and Madinah. Here only those who believe in Islam and are involved in the defence of Islam i. e. the Muslims are allowed. It would be illogical for a common citizen to object against the restriction on incoming a cantonment area. Similarly it is not appropr iate for non-Muslims to object against the restriction on non-Muslims against entering Makkah and Madinah. 2. Visa to enter Makkah and Madinah a. Whenever a person travels to a foreign country he has to first apply for a visa i. e. the permission to enter that country.Every country has its own rules, regulations and requirements for issuing a visa. Unless their critera are satisfied they will not issue a visa. b. One of the countries which is very strict in issuing a visa is the United States of America, especially when issuing visas to citizens of the third world. They have several conditions and requirements to be fulfilled before they issue a visa. c. When I visited Singapore, it was mentioned on their immigration form death to drug traffickers. If I want to visit Singapore I have to abide by the rules. I cannot say that death penalty is a barbaric punishment.Only if I agree with their requirements and conditions will I be permitted to enter the country. d. The Visa The primary condition required for any human being to enter Makkah or Madina is to say with his lips, La ila ha illallah Muhammed ur Rasulullah meaning that there is no God but Allah and Muhammed (pbuh) is His Messenger. 25 * For more Queries contact email&160protected net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 11. PORK FORBIDDEN Question Why is the eating of pork barrel forbidden in Islam?Answer The fact that consumption of pork is prohibited in Islam is well known. The following points explain various aspects of this prohibition 1. Pork prohibited in Quran The Quran prohibits the consumption of pork in no less than 4 different places. It is prohibited in 2173, 53, 6145 and 16115. Forbidden to you (for food) are dead meat, blood, the flesh of swine, and that on which hath been invoked the name of other than Allah. Al-Quran 53 The above verses of the Holy Quran are suff icient to satisfy a Muslim as to why pork is forbidden. 2. Pork prohibited in the BibleThe Christian is credibly to be convinced by his religious scriptures. The Bibl

Differences in Teaching Styles Essay

Young baberen too whitethorn die (The bracing England fuze 129). When version this statement it is arduous to comprehend that this is written in a childrens hold. The spic-and-span England Primer is the book that was used to teach puritan students to discover in the 1700s. on that point are m any differences in the modal value that students were taught in the 1700s and how they are taught immediately.A few of these differences are that in the 1700s, being taught religion was more important than to gain actual knowledge, and attainment to have obedience and morals was an important part of a childs school day, the content of The New England Primer and other newfangled childrens books, as closely as the ultimate reason for children study to strike is alto go badher different. Religion was the main focus of the sympathiseing in The New England Primer. Today, children are taught to read by using a disceptation of ABCs, and saying, A is for Apple, B is for Boy and it is ma de so that it is easier for young students to consider.The list of ABCs in The New England Primer has the earn and then a picture next to it, just now instead of having a word that would make it easier for the children to understand there is a sentence much(prenominal) as, A In tenners F each(prenominal)/ We Sinned all, B Thy bread and scarcelyter to Mend/ This Book Attend (The New England Primer 128) but somewhat were more appealing to the students (Kreilkamp), The Cat doth play/ And after flay, Nightengales fing/ In prison term of Spring (The New England Primer 128).The students understanded in the book through and through sin, disobedience, and death, instead of learn through things that children learn through instantly such as dogs, love, and happiness. All of the ABCs sentences are approximately divinity fudge and the Bible, so there is no room for the child to disagree with any part of the ABCs. The children read about things such as, Gods Works, Fall of Adam , savior, Justification, Adoption, and Sanctification. These are things that are important for a child to learn, but in addition make it harder for them to read with large words and concepts that are difficult to understand.chelaren today read about things that interest them and have different reading levels to make learning to read easy and fun. If a child today were handed The New England Primer they probably would non want to read it or may not until now have the ability to read it. The Puritan children did not know anything other than The New England Primer, so they did not have anything to compare it to. The children in the 1700s saw God and Jesus as, the avenging father and a forgiving son (Watters 2) because that is how The New England Primer portrays them.In the time between the 1660s and the 1690s, God went from being portrayed as an angry and wrathful God, to being a loving and caring God. (Elliot 13-14) The New England Primer failed to show that shift in beliefs so t he children would continue to misgiving God and obey their parents and elders. The parents wanted the students to have a thorough reasonableness of God, Jesus, and the Bible, so it was the first thing that they learned and eitherthing was based on this particular proposition concept.The New England Primer was used to teach students to read as well as to teach them to be biddable and to have good morals. It tells the students that Adam and Eve were sinful and disobedient so they were punished by God, but it also says that children are guilty for their own thinking and deserve proceed punishment. The children read, The obedient Childs Promises, which is a list of things that a duteous child does, or strives to do. The children are told to honour my Father & start and to Fear God and honour the King (The New England Primer 129).The children were also told to follow the Ten Commandments, which were also to be memorized so that God could read them. This shows how solicitudeful and compliant the children are to their parents and to God. The children also were encouraged to memorize The Dutiful Childs Promises so that they could use it to make correct and obedient decisions. Punishments for the Puritan children were accentuate in the ABC part of The New England Primer, by F The Idol Fool Is whipt at School. This was an additional inform to the students that they must behave in the classroom or there will be punishments.The punishments in the 1700s and today are very different, back off then teachers could hit their students with rulers, but today teachers may not even raise their voices with students without the risk of losing their jobs. The first theme that you read about in The New England Primer is death, and death is a very heavy proceeds for children in todays age for many different reasons. In the 1700s, children dumb death, better than children today, because it surrounded them every day.The hardships that the Puritans faced are energy like any young student today could possibly understand. finale is understood by the Puritan children, and when The New England Primer says, Rachel doth mourn for her fifst natural, the children understand it because they many of them have lost a sibling because of the escape of medical knowledge in the 1700s. It seems dark and depressing to people today, because todays society is uncomfortable with talking about death and dying. For the children in the 1700s it was just a way of life and something that happened every day.The New England Primer emphasized that very point in the Verses of The Dutiful Childs Promise in saying that death does not unless take away the old, but that children can die as well, and so they need to be prepared when they do die to go to Heaven. Children today are getting saved, but they are not doing so to get prepared for death, they are getting ready to serve God with all of their heart and soul. Students today are being taught with the mind set of learning everything they can to reach their own personal goals in life.In the 1700s the reason for reading was very different from the way that it is today. The parents wanted to children to be able to read so they could read the Bible, not so they could learn about different topics or to read for be intimatement. When educating students today, it is understood that it is the end goal for teachers to help the students get ready to be able to provide a living for themselves with the knowledge that they learn, but in the 1700s it wasnt necessary to learn to read for any other reason than the bible because the poems emphasized how to live and act.The New England Primer was designed to provide, Spiritual Milk for American Babes (Anthology of American Literature) and to keep them from being tempted by Satan and other religions that may try and tempt them. The people of the 1700s believed that there were, millions to read, and not unrivalled to sin (Anthology of American Literature), which mean s that it was believed that the people who read The New England Primer, understood what God wanted them to do and how He wanted them to live, never sinned again, for fear of angering God.The idea of people never sinning again from reading a book is not accurate and students today will read and understand what is going on in the book and be able to enjoy it. The New England Primer was the most important book in didactics Puritan students in the 1700s to read, but the most important book that they could read was the Bible. The Puritans emphasized their belief in God in every aspect of their lives, especially in teaching their children to e good and physique members of the Puritan community. Teachers of students today want to see their students procession and keep learning even after they have learned how to read, because it teaches them about the world that we live on and what is going on outside of their houses and towns. There are many differences between the teachings in the 170 0s and the teachings today, but in the end the important thing is teaching the students to read.

Cultural Difference between Ancient Egypt and Ancient China Essay

The Cultural Development of antediluvian patriarch Egyptians and antique Chinese civilizations were fairly mistak subject further were different on original imaginations. From the way historians looked at the number of gods/goddesses for distributively one civilization worshipped, to the inventions and tools the craftsman made to suffer life less difficult shows the alikeity of the twain civilization. Both coutures conceal their dead with items of value, practiced ancestor worship, had voluptuary remainss of Bureaucratic systems of administration and, had rudimentary concepts of maths and Medicine. past Chinese trust establish upon Confucianism.Both Taoism and Confucianism began at about the uniform time, around the sixth century B. C. E. chinas third great pietism, Bu. The faith of superannuated Egypt was a polytheistic ( umpteen gods) holiness with one short period of monotheism (one god). Their religion hosted about 700 different gods and goddesses. Despi te the similar concepts of the 2 civilization antique Chinese In Egypt, people were buried with scene to preservation, as they believed that the dead would be able to use their bodies in the afterlife. Chinese sepulcher style depended on the province as well as the main religion of the person.But twain civilizations were polytheistic (belief in many gods). superannuated Egypt belief system relied heavily on the tales of the many deities that they worshiped. In past Egypt, it was believed that, when a Pharaoh passed away, he was met with many tests. If successful, the Pharaoh would ascend and become the sun god, Ra. except ancient Chinese belief system relied on three major religions Taoism, Confucianism, and Buddhism. Taoism was founded during the chuck Dynasty in the 6th century by Lao-Tzu. The idea of Yin and Yang comes from Taoism.They believed that everything in nature has twain balancing forces called Yin and Yang. Confucianism was born in 551 BC. Confucius was a philo sopher and thinker. Confucius teachings focus on treating others with respect, politeness, and fairness. He notion that honor and morality were important qualities, family was important, and reward ones relatives was required. Buddhism was based on the teachings of Buddha. Buddha was born in Nepal, just southwest of china, in 563 BC. Buddhists believe in a rebirth of the self, and the concept named Karma (all actions have consequences).What acquits these two civilizations similar, Egypt and mainland China had similar governments in which they were both monarchies. Both ancient Chinese and ancient Egypt made tools and technology to improve their lives, and make everyday tasks easier. Also both civilizations likewise required an irrigation system to help rule and utilize the nearby rivers sources. However, this is where the similarities of technology end. Egyptians cogitate primarily on the afterlife. They built specious pyramids as burial sites and afterlife safeguard for P haraohs and important nobles.The Chinese spent their efforts create roads for easier trade and canals for efficient, improved farming. Ancient Egypt and ancient Chinese used paper. China and Egypt argon also similar in the fact that they all took use of dye metallurgy. But although they both used bronze, China was better adapted to it and benefitted more from it. Egypt was behind to develop the use of bronze, and the high personify didnt allow them to use it much. Ancient Chinese made paper (Papyrus- a tall plant that is like smoking and that grows in marshes especially in China).Ancient Egypt are known for their pyramids. The size, blueprint, and structure of the pyramids damp the skill of these ancient builders. The pyramids were great monuments and tombs for the kings. The Egyptians believed that a kings soul proceed to guide affairs of the kingdom blush after his death. To ensure that they would continue to enthral the blessings of the gods, they preserved the pharaohs body through and through the mummification process. They built the pyramids to protect the pharaohs body the pyramid was a symbol of hope, because it would ensure the pharaohs union with the gods.Ancient Chinese rich people had damask houses, and people also built visualise temples and palaces. All ancient Chinese architecture was built according to strict rules of design that made Chinese grammatical constructions follow the ideas of Taoism or other Chinese philosophies. The design idea was that buildings should be long and low preferably than tall they and symmetry both sides of the building should be the same, balanced, just as Taoism evince balance. Both Ancient Egypt and Ancient Egypt were both river civilizations that faced the challenge of flooding of their nearby rivers, which made irrigation systems and tracking floods important.While researching ancient Chinese and ancient Egypt I proverb that each civilization had the same ideas but they took their prior knowled ge and bulled on it, in different ways. Based on this depict and facts I gathered I discontinue that ancient Egypt and ancient China are the strongest and longest lasting civilizations because of their organization. Also since each civilizations location was closed off, intruding and trying to conquer werent a major issue. While opus this paper I learned that with each civilizations advanced tools and inventions it squeeze everything and influenced all the technology we have today.

Religion in the workplace Essay

Religion is saved by Title VII of the courteous Rights represent of 1964 by allowing pile who achievement for an employer to be able to ask or take time finish up in order to observe a ghostly holiday or at incline services. It to a fault forbids employers to discharge, discriminate, limit or segregate either(prenominal) employee based off of their religious preferences. match to what is stated in the Civil Rights Act of 1964 employees atomic number 18 allowed to take that time off of work for religious reasons as spacious as the employer does non experience some(prenominal) kind of profoundship due to the absence of the employee.If a business does not trace with what the law states they can receive up to $1,000.00 fine, one year in imprison or possibly both. Some examples of religious accommodations qualified employers must take ar 1. Providing tuition reimbursement even if it is a item religion course. 2. Allowing employees not to participate in training session s due to their religion. 3. Employees are allowed to adopt in any religious recordion. 4. Allowing conciliatory scheduling around someones religious preferences. 5. Providing time and or station to pray.It is important for employers to understand how religion is defend by Title VII because if they proceed to comply they can receive strong fines and possibly jail time. An employer can alike be sued by someone if they separate to allow them to express their religious preferences. As for employees it is definitely necessary for them to know closely Title VI when it comes to religion. Knowing this info will allow an individual to express their religious rights inside the study and not feel threatened because they might recall differently than others.COMING TO AMERICAThe root articulate that I choose to talk to the highest degree is Muslims. This assort faces religious contrariety in this country today and has seen an increase of discrimination after September 11th. P eople draw that because some extreme terrorists created 9/11 that all hatful from that religion is against everyone in the United States. It is sad to hear this because it has been shown that roughly Muslims do not agree with the radical terrorists. There is even a word that describes the mass hysteria of people who are prejudicial towards Muslims called Islamaphobia.Several articles that I pass read stated that people are extremely judgmental towards this group as well as hostile towards any Muslim people they come across. It seems that workplace discrimination towards this group is on the climb as well with several lawsuits unfinished towards different companies. Most of the lawsuits have to do with the ethnic attire and praying that Muslims do. Do I believe that they can overcome this reference of discrimination? No I think they have a long hard road to go. Unfortunately there are a lot of uneducated people in the US and people tend to blame a whole group not just the ind ividual in a terrorist situation. What needs to happen is more education on that religion and harsher judgments towards people who do hate crimes towards a Muslim.

Reagans War on Drugs Essay

The phrase sex, do mediciness, and rock and roll out held true to its hearty-earned spot in 1970s and 1980s society. With a parvenu, looser culture, explicit music, lascivious and rambunctious movies as well as a societal focus on mevery things immoral, it was an era of ch solelyenging sociable norms. As the example of recreational and h every(prenominal)ucinogenic medicines, as well as alcohol, increased, a new problem arose how does law enforcement and the g everyplacening undo the dam get on with being do by this new society? Laws were passed, bureaus and commissions were formed, and the chairman of the f each in States began what he called The cont nullify on medicates.Over the years, some of these stems have turn out to crystalize some impact. The initiation, tactics, and attempts at dealings a major blow to drug abuse have all modify the guidance the States sees drugs straightaway. A new type of contendfare had made its way into the country, and after a ll these years, it has made its unobjectionable share of positivist and negative do. on the dot say no. (Reagan Declares war on Drugs, 1982). This was cardinal of the numerous scare tactics used in the Statess new war on drugs. The chair sine qua noned to construct a object to detract the public eye from drugs fame.Nancy Reagan was as as adamant virtually holding the States safe and clean. She traveled to and mouth at some schools, enforcing the idea of exactly refusing the temptation of drugs. Before the Reagans began their war prison term, Richard Nixon introduced his possess war on drugs, stating, the Statess public enemy procedure one is drug abuse. In order to debate and defeat this enemy, it is necessary to wage a new, all-out offensive. (Remarks About an Intensified weapons platform for Drug Abuse Prevention, 1971).This mindset was tho an otherwise system used to make the States energized and willing to fight this war. Nixon passed the world-wide Drug Abuse Prevention and temper Act in the 1970s as a way to keep a constant eye on the drug exertion. This act demand the pharmaceutical industry to maintain physical security and inexorable record keeping for certain types of drugs. When Reagan became death chair he gave a speech, announcing, We are fetching down the surr residuumer flag that has flown over so many drug efforts were running up a appointment flag. (Reagans War on Drugs Speech, 1981).Americas first uncontaminating flack on the use of drugs was verbal this strategy temporarily affected the country, scarce to a greater extent had to be done to combat this enemy. The join States and its presidents had to take a fighting military strength if they wanted to decrease drug abuse. 1 of the first instances of this was President Nixons execution Intercept. Announced even before the formalized war on drugs began in family 1969 this campaign focused on reduce the amount of cannabis entering the United States fr om Mexico. Following this effort, the United States government funded the polemical Methadone livelihood Program.Methadone Maintenance treatment, a program in which given over individuals receive daily doses of methadone, was developed as area of a broad, multicomponent treatment program. (Center for infirmity Control, 2002). After Nixons trials and failures, President Carter went at the fight with a different, looser approach. Carter called for the decriminalization of marijuana. With a less vicious outlook, Carter believed that the punishment of a crime should not be more(prenominal) brutal than that said crime. President Carters tactic proved unworthy, as turn he was in office, use of cocaine increased dramatically.Finally, as Reagan took center format and stepped into presidential office, he kept a strong belief against this criminal act. Reagan created the station of National Drug Control insurance to eradicate illicit drug use, manufacturing and trafficking of drugs , as well as pose an end to drug associate violence and crimes. Reagan repose policies in place to strengthen his baleful grasp on drug-ridden society. He required mandatory minimum prison sentences for drug dealers a policy he initiated in hopes of making drugs seem less glamourous and infinitely more criminal.He began the reciprocal ohm Florida Task Force, which dealt with the increase of drug trafficking in Southern Florida. This force worked hand in hand with the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) and the national Bureau of Investigations (FBI). operation Swordfish was intrust in place by the DEA to oncoming international drug organizations. The execution was dubbed operation swordfish because it was intended to snare the bulky fish in drug trade. (Drug Enforcement Agency, Operation Swordfish, 1980). Vice President George H. W. Bush began press that the CIA and U. S. Military become involved in drug interdiction efforts.The Drug-Free Media campaign Act of 1988 was pas sed in hopes to convince Americas youth and future generations to roll away from drugs. After all of these battles, did America finally win this war? The U. S. national Government spent over $15 billion in 2010 on the War on Drugs, a rate of about $500 per second. (The Budgetary Impact of Drug Prohibition, 2010). This is a sign that perhaps Reagans War on Drugs wasnt kind of as effective as he had so hoped. The United States today has the highest immurement rate and prison population of any country in the world.This is provided in part by the amount of arrests and incarcerations due to drug sentencing guidelines and policies. In the 1980s, speckle the number of arrests for all crimes had risen by 28%, the number of arrests for drug offenses rose 126%. (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2010). This did not specifically re vomite that there were more drug-related crimes, merely that law enforcement had simply cracked down on the arrests of said crimes. In comparison, Time Magazi nes recompenseion states, Drug convictions went from 15 inmates per 100,000 adults in 1980 to 148 in 1996, an almost tenfold increase.More than one-half of Americas federal inmates today are in prison on drug convictions. In 2009 alone, 1. 66 meg Americans were arrested on drug charges (Time Magazine, 2012). While this war on drugs whitethorn mollify be in effect, it may have positive outcomes for set ahead in the future. As for the time being, America has two main stances on the subject some call for further reparations in the war on drugs, while others believe the war is unsuccessful, and the focus of necessity to be shifted to more important and majestic issues. The War on Drugs has failed. (19 Member Commission, June 2, 2011). In another instance, a poll was interpreted throughout the country, and its results, three in 4 Americans believe that the War on Drugs is failing. (October 2008 Poll). Suggestions of decriminalization have been made by many. The legitimation o f drugs is claimed to have many positive effects on the country as a unscathed, including positive economic effects.While this war on drugs started off as a full-fledged attack on all users and distributors of illegal narcotics, it seems to have transformed into a war against itself will continuing these attacks do the country, or will allowing certain, less deleterious drugs to be legal prove to be a more reasonable solution? Legalizing drugs would save taxationpayers $76. 8 billion a year in the United States $44. 1 billion from law enforcement savings, and at to the lowest degree $32. 7 billion in tax revenue (Harvard Study by Jeffrey A. Miron, 2008). In addition, the policies put into effect by Nixon and Reagan may ave had a positive impact on crime in the United States, but it may not have been in the way they had wished.Drugs got enormously cheaper so users didnt have to hit as many old ladies over the head and abstract their pocketbooks. (Travis Wendel, More Drugs, Le ss Crime, 2010). Murders, robberies and other violent crimes seemed to decline as the toll of drugs went down could this happen if drugs were legalized as well? America in this day and age has a vast amount of governmental and international issues in desperate lead of resolution is drug control still one of them?The United States of America is a country known by many as land of the free, but does this mean that its citizens should be allowed to participate in activities such as drug use with such a negative intension? Did Reagans War on Drugs sincerely make an effective impact on the way America sees drugs today? The upshot to that question is this while his tactics may not have worked the way he had desired, America as a integral has indeed seen less drug related crime. This does not mean it does not exist, nor does it mean that by legalizing drugs will wreak all of the countrys problems.What this does mean is that Reagans war on drugs did not put an end to drug use, but i t meet may have opened Americas eyes to more clear and present danger. While drugs are in no way going to solve Americas problems, the once War on Drugs may now need to be adjusted to a title more fitting. A War on Crime as a whole perhaps? A War on Drug Related Violence? Reagan had the correct idea, now the country can put it into proper use. His War was not an end all war, but it just may have been enough to enhance America as a whole.

The Online Therapy Sites Health And Social Care Essay

This newspaper discusses about online(a)(a)(a) therapy ranges and the types of common chord online therapy rates. It anyway inside knowledges the content of severally online berths and the engagement of overlords. This paper examines the interaction of tangible online ranges and anyway addresses how the skipper associations and province regulatory postings positions online therapy. It explains the relevant tribute issuings and ethical issues much(prenominal) as consent and confidentiality that are include in on-line(a) therapy targets. This paper similarly evaluates the advantages and the disadvantages of on-line therapy sites. It anyways concludes with this paper by provide indispensable construct that is back up to the on-line therapy sites.Online Therapy SitesThe on-line therapy was excessively cognise as E-therapy, E-counseling and cyber-therapy and this on-line therapy provided the psychological advice and mount over the meshwork. The psychologica l advice and other elements could be occurred through E-mail, online confab, cyberspace phone either subprogram proper as testify conferencing. The on-line therapy occurred in existent magazine including time-delayed format and E-mail messages etc. The on-line therapy can non be assumed mental hygiene and it will be neer replaced traditional therapy. The on-line therapy had the restrictions and further it was going a important resource to turn solve of consumers. The on-line therapy included the E-mail, existent cut back confab, picture conferencing, instant messaging any bit life-threatening as cyberspace phone.Three online sitesThe online sites utilized the convenience of cyberspace that provided communication among an soulfulness and a professional. The on-line therapy helped the person with the business line declaration, to reform the temper and change magnitude the self-pride and the get across guidance site provided the on-line guidance for persons that were fighting with relationships, anxiousness, notion all bit devout as loss of way. The dawn guidance site was contributed more to the professional and individualized spirit of pitying being. The dawn therapy was non appropriate for anyone and but it had shown effectiveness in several soil of affairss. The professional associations and regulative boards viewed this on-line therapy effectively for the life of human being. In professional life, commonwealth could acquire more benefits from this dawn online site. This on-line therapy site contributed into the educational operate besides ( Kate Anthony, 2010 ) .The 2nd online therapy was the unrecorded pleader site that offered the chart room appliance for users. This on-line therapy was the celebrated the therapy site that was dimension 200 healers, counsellors either bit in force(p) as societal workers presented for the better objet dart for face-to-face every bit genuineness as professional life of human being. This counsellor allowed the clients to seek for a healer by any influence in monastic lay out to making the inventions. This on-line site offered caution with crisis or physical conditions, parenting, personal development, relationships every bit good as emotional upsets. The unrecorded counsellor therapy site did nt necessitate any assignment and besides the clients may subscribe in anytime by the aid of their on-line service suppliers. This on-line site was besides allowed the volume in order to posting their profile into therapy sites. accordingly the professional associations and province regulative go viewed this online therapy better.The 3rd on-line site was relaxation on-line therapy that offered therapy via e-mail apparatus to users. This was besides the popular site in supplying the better inventions to human being and the disjoint of this site to people was effectual. This on-line therapy net site contributed to the mental wellness attendance services. This site besid es faced umpteen issues including dependence, heartache and loss, childhood injury every bit good as familiarity dhonneur diagnosing. In this congresswoman, the province counsellor board application procedure and process had been constituted by Torahs. This on-line therapy site proposed the design and scientific discipline security in order to better the ethical issues. This therapy site besides empowered and enabled the clients to do an assured determination for engaging the peculiar professional. These three therapy sites were besides used to happen the troubles in society factors and used to decide the job of society ( Foojan Zeine, 2005 ) .Security and ethical issues. The on-line therapy was non baffling real-world interactions with clients and round ethical concerns were more complicated. The on-line therapy obtained the aware consent from all E-clients and the informed consent was the lawful process in order to guarantee the hazards and costs in a intervention. The i nformed consent besides included the spirit of intervention, alternate interventions, and benefits of interventions every bit good as possible hazards. The informed consent was considered for doing the better effect to the clients and the informed consent must be given voluntarily to the clients.The confidentiality was the ethical every bit good as the security issue and the concern of confidentiality in on-line therapy was the protection of client information. The use of electronic communicating was used in order to protect the information of clients. The medical records of patients were stored in on-line therapy sites that were protected by therapy sites. The present of privacy of personal information found upon the on-line therapy in protecting the information of patients. The possible online therapy utilized to procure the privateness of medical records. The effectual protection could be made by doing the better E-books for patients.The statutory responsibility to stiff was besides the sound issues for protecting the information. The legal responsibility to warm was besides established in order to extenuate the jobs of clients. The responsibility to warm was the better protection tool but it was unwaveringly to implementing and this responsibility to warm included the limited review of old records that might see a history of violent behaviour. This legal issue was given the rights to the counsellor and healer in order to transgress confidentiality when clients pose a hazard to other individual.Advantages of on-line therapy sitesThe on-line therapy was holding numerous advantages and disadvantages to the patients including the protection of personal every bit good as patients information. The on-line therapy offered the better accessing methods top mental wellness information to the people in rural every bit good as distant entree. The online therapy besides provided the availability to the persons who were housebound.The on-line therapy was mo re contributed to the patients in the instance of their personal every bit good as professional life and this therapy sites were commonly low-cost every bit good as convenient. The online sites made mental wellness information more accessible to clients and the people could experience more comfy in discoursing about mental wellness concerns. The on-line therapy site was an of import tool for assisting people to larn approximately psychological wellness ( Kimberly S.Young, 2010 ) .Disadvantages of online therapyThe on-line therapy was used in many ways to people and but at the average clip it was holding some disadvantages. The on-line therapy could nt be covered the insurance policies that s why this was the drawback to patients. The on-line therapy sites refer about undependable engineering and the healer could nt react to crisis state of affairss. These sites were non appropriate with the drab psychiatric unwellness.The E-therapy was non appropriate for people with rectify jo bs and the range of on-line therapy s aid was limited. In many instances, the on-line healer could non see facial looks every bit good as organic organize linguistic communications. The ethical and legal guidelines could be serious in order to implementing into the on-line therapy due to the planetary and anon. nature of the cyberspace and the ethical codifications were besides hard for implementing.DecisionThe on-line therapy sites and the constructs of on-line therapy sites were discussed. The content of from each one site and the engagement of professionals of each online therapy sites were besides included. The interaction of three online sites was explained. The engagement of professional associations every bit good as regulative boards on the E-therapy sites was detailed. The ethical and legal issues of on-line therapy sites were examined and the advantages every bit good as disadvantages of on-line therapy sites were concluded.